Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts: Top 10 exporters amongdeveloped economies, 20081 Belgium 2,092 6.47 4.072 United States 1,531 4.74 1.193 Germany 1,240 3.84 7.414 Italy 1,148 3.55 5.185 France 899 2.78 3.796 Netherlands 823 2.55 8.387 United Kingdom 480 1.49 -0.878 Spain 476 1.47 5.699 Austria 449 1.39 5.4010 Japan 442 1.37 3.81Table 5.12bRankExporterValue (inmillions of $)Marketshare (%)2008 2008Art crafts: Top 10 exporters amongdeveloping economies, 2008Value (inmillions of $)Marketshare (%)2008 2008lution of exports of art crafts are shown by regional trade ispresented in table 5.11. For further details about trade flows,see tables 1.2.A and 1.2.B in the annex.In 2008, art crafts exported from developed economiestotalled $11.4 billion. Yarn was the most important export,followed by carpet (see table 1.2.A in the annex). Belgiumand the United States led the developed economies inexports of art crafts in 2008, as shown in table 5.12a. Dataon economies in transition are very deficient with respect toall creative industries; in 2008, their exports totalled $3.5billion, accounting for about 1 per cent of total exports ofcreative goods.Growthrate (%)2003-2008Growthrate (%)2003-20081 China 10,722 33.17 20.472 China, Hong Kong SAR 2,212 6.84 -5.073 Turkey 1,715 5.31 24.054 Korea, Republic of 1,447 4.48 3.595 India 1,013 3.13 9.586 China, Taiwan Province of 780 2.41 -0.547 Thailand 399 1.24 10.188 Viet Nam 349 1.08 18.959 Egypt 326 1.01 ..(1)10 Pakistan 253 0.78 -6.22Note: (1) Egypt only reports in 2008, not enough data for calculation growth rate.Source: UNCTAD secretariat calculation based on official data in UN COMTRADE databaseKey players from the developing worldArt crafts are the only creative industry in which developingcountries hold a leading position in theglobal market. For this creative sector, developing-countryexports more than doubled in sixyears, from $9 billion in 2002 to $21 billion in2008. Tourism and the expansion of leisure andart markets will continue to contribute to thegrowth of art crafts in world trade. At thenational level, efforts to enhance the productionof art crafts in developing countries can help topreserve cultural identity and foster economicdevelopment. However, policies and incentivesare required to promote cultural policy whileexploring new trade opportunities. These twoobjectives are mutually supportive and can promoteinclusive development at the grass-rootslevel.China led in exports of art crafts in 2008,with a sizeable market share (33 per cent) comparedwith that of other developing countries(see table 5.12b). Asia dominated the art craftsmarket, as all ten major exporters of art craftsfrom developing countries were from Asia.Exports from India doubled over the period,reaching $1 billion in 2008.World revenues from cultural and recreationalservices, which include museums, libraries,archives and historical sites, rose from $7 billionin 2002 to $11.3 billion in 2008. The level ofparticipation of developing countries in this marketis low. Turkey, Malaysia and India benefitted most fromtheir cultural services in terms of export earnings, as per theavailable data. An overview of exports of other personal, culturaland recreational services is provided in table 2.5.2.A inthe annex, while information on imports is presented in table2.5.2.B in the annex.5.6.2 Performing ArtsThe performing arts are an important creative industry,particularly owing to their interaction with other creativeactivities such as music, costumes and broadcasting. Thissubgroup covers all sorts of stage art, performed live byartists for an audience. The performing arts encompass suchforms as theatre, opera, poetry, dance, ballet, concerts, the5International trade in creative goods and services: Global trends and featuresCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010141