Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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5International trade in creative goods and services: Global trends and featuresof exports from developingeconomies of goods of relatedindustries was much moreevenly distributed among allAll related industriesregions, including Africa andthe Caribbean (tables 3.1, 3.2New mediaA and 3.2.B in the annex forthe trade flows). WorldAudiovisualsimports reached $739 billionin 2008 as compared to $400billion in 2002 (table 5.30).DesignThe greatest growth was inrelated industries linked to theVisual artsfield of new media, audiovisualsand design. However,Publishingdeveloped economies importmore than 65 per cent ofPerforming artsglobal imports of relatedindustries goods.It is interesting to notethat exports of related goodsfrom the developing economiesgrew at an annual rate of 16 per cent, compared to 12 per centfor transition economies and 4.5 per cent for developedeconomies during the 2002-2008 period. This shows thatgoods of the related industries have a huge market.This is also evidence of the catching-up strategiesbeing pursued in a number of developing economies toincrease their production and exports of value-addedChart 5.20 Related goods: Evolution of world exports, 2002 and 2008Source: UNCTAD, based on official data reported to UN COMTRADE database20082002(in millions of $)0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800products. An even more positive conclusion is that thegrowth of the related industries, which includes supportingequipment such as computers, cameras, and television andbroadcasting equipment, points to a continuous dynamicgrowth in demand for creative-industry goods and services— and therefore to the growing importance of the creativeeconomy worldwide.Table 5.29 Related goods: Exports, by economic group, 2002 and 2008 (in millions of $)World2002 2008DevelopedeconomiesDevelopingeconomiesTransitioneconomies2002 2008 2002 2008 2002 2008All Related Industries 375,845 727,116 239,820 324,272 134,982 399,588 1,043 3,256Audio Visuals 140,932 249,428 86,720 100,020 54,126 148,938 86 470Design 65,793 169,521 53,508 103,056 11,394 63,951 891 2,513New Media 133,287 263,302 71,482 86,498 61,767 176,608 37 196Performing Arts 3,697 6,843 2,597 4,340 1,096 2,488 5 14Publishing 10,025 14,903 9,194 13,346 821 1,539 9 18Visual Arts 22,112 23,120 16,319 17,012 5,779 6,063 15 45Source: UNCTAD, based on official data in UN COMTRADE database164 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports, by economic group, 2002 and 2008 (in millions of $)World2002 2008DevelopedeconomiesDevelopingeconomiesTransitioneconomies2002 2008 2002 2008 2002 2008All Related Industries 399,738 738,569 313,406 482,958 84,002 235,918 2,330 19,692Audio Visuals 136,363 269,455 100,124 171,999 35,142 87,706 1,097 9,750Design 69,225 164,045 56,877 96,207 12,098 65,008 249 2,831New Media 158,320 258,605 130,987 183,605 26,656 69,166 677 5,833Performing Arts 4,345 7,537 3,632 5,856 691 1,506 21 175Publishing 9,556 15,118 7,194 10,639 2,222 3,749 140 730Visual Arts 21,929 23,809 14,592 14,652 7,191 8,784 146 372Source: UNCTAD, based on official data in UN COMTRADE database5International trade in creative goods and services: Global trends and featuresCREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010165
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ContentsForeword...................
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3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
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7. Technology, connectivity and the
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LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
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5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
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5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
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ForewordThe United Nations publishe
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AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
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Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
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Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
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Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
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IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
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GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gro
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The Creative Economy1PART
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CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
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1Concept and context of the creativ
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1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
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1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
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2The development dimensioneties. Th
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Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
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2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
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2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
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Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
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2The development dimensionrequire c
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2The development dimensionconcrete
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2The development dimensionreforms,
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2The development dimensionThailand:
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2The development dimensionTurkey: I
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2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
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2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
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3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Page 142 and 143: Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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Page 146 and 147: 4Towards an evidence-based assessme
Page 148 and 149: Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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Page 152 and 153: 124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
Page 154 and 155: 5importing countries. It is not yet
Page 156 and 157: 5International trade in creative go
Page 158 and 159: Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
Page 161 and 162: Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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Page 165 and 166: 82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
Page 167 and 168: Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
Page 169 and 170: Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
Page 171 and 172: socio-economic growth, performing a
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Page 179 and 180: India remains the world largest fil
Page 181 and 182: RadioDespite recent changes in life
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Page 185 and 186: The aim of this report is to sensit
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Page 191: Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
Page 195 and 196: The Role of IntellectualProperty an
Page 197 and 198: CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
Page 199 and 200: Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
Page 201 and 202: defined in national legislation. Th
Page 203 and 204: has developed rapidly over the last
Page 205 and 206: and made commercially available by
Page 207 and 208: NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
Page 209 and 210: In 2006, WIPO published National St
Page 211 and 212: Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
Page 213 and 214: ing at least until the first sale o
Page 215 and 216: tial. The right balance should be f
Page 217 and 218: CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
Page 219 and 220: m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
Page 221 and 222: Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
Page 223 and 224: Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
Page 225 and 226: Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
Page 227 and 228: IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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Page 231 and 232: Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
Page 233 and 234: patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
Page 235 and 236: Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
Page 237 and 238: CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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Page 241 and 242: 8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Cooperation has continued to work w
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come obstacles faced by poor commun
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9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
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CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
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VI. The creative economy cuts acros
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the creative industries in the Unit
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policymakers, researchers and pract
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Another mechanism to promote South-
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10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
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ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
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of Definitions of the Cultural and
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ativity for its management”, in C
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Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
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Department of Communications, Infor
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PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
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______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
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The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
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Statistical Annex
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Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
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Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
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Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
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Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
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Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
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Distribution of developing economie
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Distribution of developed economies
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Distribution of economies by trade
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TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
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TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
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TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
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TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
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TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
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CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
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EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
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IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
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EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
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IMPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
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EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
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IMPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATE
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EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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IMPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
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IMPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
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EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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IMPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
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IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
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Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
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TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
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TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.3.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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