Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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TABLE2.2.BCONTINUEDEconomic group andcountry/territoryIMPORTS (in millions of $)Annualaveragegrowth rate2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2003-2008Kenya - - - - - - - -Korea, Republic of - - - - 2,383 2,661 3,812 -Lebanon - - - - - - - -Madagascar 0 0 0 0 - - - -Malaysia - - - - - - - -Mali 0 0 0 0 0 1 - -Mauritius - - - - - - - -Mexico - - - - - - - -Mongolia - - - - - - - -Morocco - - - - - - - -Mozambique 0 1 - 11 - - - -Myanmar - - - - - - - -Namibia - - - - - - - -New Caledonia - - - - - - - -Niger 0 0 0 0 0 0 - -Occupied Palestinian territory - - - - - - - -Pakistan 1 1 6 14 13 16 8 46.08Panama - - - - 2 - - -Papua New Guinea - - - - - - - -Paraguay 5 5 1 1 0 1 1 -30.27Peru - - - - - - - -Philippines - - - - 19 - - -Republic of Moldova 8 4 9 9 4 6 6 -0.11Rwanda - - - - 2 3 2 -Samoa - - - - - - - -Senegal 0 3 3 1 2 3 - -Sierra Leone 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 31.45Singapore - - - - - - - -Solomon Islands - - - - - - - -South Africa - - - - - - - -Sudan - - - - - - - -Swaziland 7 0 1 3 1 0 - -Syrian Arab Republic - - - - - - - -Togo 0 - 0 0 0 0 - -Tonga - - - - - 0 - -Tunisia - - - - - - - -Turkey 2 - 10 19 23 33 46 -United Republic of Tanzania - - - - - - - -Uruguay - - - - - - - -Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 5.96ECONOMIES IN TRANSITION 1,091 888 1,084 1,098 1,334 1,691 2,204 -Albania - 0 - 3 3 48 4 -Armenia 0 0 1 2 2 2 3 54.53Azerbaijan - - - 0 1 1 6 -Belarus - - 2 1 - 13 19 -Bosnia and Herzegovina - - - - 2 2 3 -Croatia 112 163 181 180 176 207 227 6.00Georgia 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 25.97Kazakhstan 5 6 9 9 14 19 18 25.05Kyrgyzstan 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 42.76Montenegro - - - - - - - -Russian Federation 800 591 653 796 1,008 1,249 1,655 23.28Serbia - - - - - - 95 -Tajikistan - - - - - - - -The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 4 12 17 18 17 27 36 21.36Ukraine 169 114 221 86 108 118 133 -2.49SOURCE: IMF Balance of Payments Statistics and UNCTAD calculations based on IMF Balance of Payments Statistics.NOTES: Annual average growth rate only available for countries that reported consistently from 2003-2008.- Data not available or not separately reported.Statistical Annex Part 2326CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
EXPORTS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND RELATED SERVICES,BY ECONOMIC GROUP AND COUNTRY/TERRITORY, 2002-2008TABLE2.3.AEconomic group andcountry/territoryEXPORTS (in millions of $)Annualaveragegrowth rate2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2003-2008TOTAL REPORTING COUNTRIES 18,746 19,954 25,116 33,030 67,574 73,581 85,157 -DEVELOPED ECONOMIES 16,341 17,124 20,790 25,773 57,117 62,727 72,096 -Australia 446 527 533 756 954 1,274 1,599 27.11Austria - - - - 2,403 - - -Belgium 807 1,015 1,145 1,286 1,480 332 1,217 -7.32Bermuda - - - - - - - -Bulgaria - - 14 37 99 88 150 -Canada 2,596 2,803 3,398 4,064 3,719 4,281 4,629 9.30Cyprus 3 7 12 16 21 31 21 29.05Czech Republic 76 56 53 184 266 518 842 81.19Estonia - 6 11 12 18 27 58 51.41Faroes - - - - - - - -Finland 237 307 349 408 - - - -France - - - - - - - -Germany 3,079 6,979 8,927 11,328 12,646 14,240 17,229 18.80Greece - - - - - - - -Hungary - - 85 141 157 273 297 -Iceland - - - - - - - -Ireland 536 263 - - - 637 606 -Italy 1,550 1,765 1,909 2,318 2,863 3,347 2,913 13.40Japan - - - - - - - -Latvia 5 7 11 13 12 24 29 31.05Lithuania 5 11 7 11 10 9 7 -4.42Luxembourg - - - - - - - -Malta - - 7 15 19 24 24 -Netherlands 3,765 - - - 25,067 28,297 30,307 -New Zealand 57 66 74 - - - 128 -Norway 748 827 875 1,359 2,142 2,246 3,114 32.75Poland 176 150 246 371 497 647 1,041 44.48Portugal 162 141 186 214 355 554 767 41.85Romania 51 87 93 128 161 184 435 34.30Slovakia 30 56 - 56 96 76 175 -Slovenia 37 51 66 75 75 - 85 -Spain 962 1,104 1,547 1,681 2,672 3,677 4,645 34.01Sweden 1,013 896 1,244 1,300 1,384 1,940 1,777 14.76Switzerland - - - - - - - -United Kingdom - - - - - - - -United States of America - - - - - - - -DEVELOPING ECONOMIES 1,741 1,684 3,085 5,659 8,409 8,148 8,726 -Angola - - - - - - - -Argentina 40 53 53 67 99 130 167 28.57Bangladesh 4 4 3 4 4 53 34 73.75Barbados - - - - - - - -Benin - - 1 0 1 1 - -Bolivia - - - - - - - -Botswana 8 2 4 4 7 8 8 32.48Brazil 1,586 1,509 2,014 2,741 3,034 4,216 5,595 28.85Burkina Faso - - - - - - - -Cambodia - - - - - - - -Cameroon - - - - - - - -Cape Verde 0 - - - - - - -Chile - - - - - - - -China - - - - - - - -China, Hong Kong SAR - - - - - - - -China, Macao SAR - - - - - - - -Colombia 25 39 59 78 157 147 271 45.54Congo - - - - - - - -Costa Rica - - - - - - - -Côte d'Ivoire 0 0 0 0 0 0 - -Ecuador - - - - - - - -Egypt - - - - - - - -El Salvador - - - - - - - -Ethiopia 1 1 0 0 1 0 6 67.39Fiji 3 - 1 1 1 1 2 -French Polynesia - - - - - - - -Guatemala - - - - - - - -Guinea - - - - - - 2 -Guinea-Bissau - - - - - - - -Guyana - - - - - - - -Honduras - - - - - - - -India - - 841 2,620 3,923 3,136 2,017 -Indonesia - - - - - - - -Iraq - - - - - - - -Jamaica - - - - - - - -Kenya - - - - - - - -Korea, Republic of - - - - 250 323 425 -Lebanon - - - - - - - -Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010327
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ContentsForeword...................
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3.4.2 Large-scale corporate enterpr
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7. Technology, connectivity and the
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LIST OF BOXES1.1 A creative entrepr
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5.9 Creative goods: Exports, by reg
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5.13 Audiovisuals: Exports, by econ
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ForewordThe United Nations publishe
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AcknowledgementsThe Creative Econom
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Scope of this reportThe Creative Ec
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Chapter 1 explores evolving concept
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Ten key messagesThis policy-oriente
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IX. In the aftermath of the crisis,
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GCC Gulf Cooperation CouncilGDP Gro
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The Creative Economy1PART
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CHAPTER1Conceptand context of thecr
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1Concept and context of the creativ
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1Box 1.1 continuedA creative entrep
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1Box 1.2 continuedThe creative city
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2The development dimensioneties. Th
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Box 2.1South-South sharing of creat
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2The development dimension2.2.3 Soc
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2Box 2.2 continuedBrazilian carniva
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Box 2.3Africa Remix: Africa speakin
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2The development dimensionrequire c
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2The development dimensionconcrete
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2The development dimensionreforms,
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2The development dimensionThailand:
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2The development dimensionTurkey: I
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2The development dimensionMinistry.
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2The development dimensionvisual ar
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2The development dimension2.4.5 The
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Box 2.7 continuedBrand Jamaica as t
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2The development dimensionpublisher
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Box 2.8 continuedThe Bolshoi: A sub
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2The development dimension2.5.1 Cre
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2The development dimension■solar
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2The development dimensionBox 2.13E
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72 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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3.2 Organization of the creative ec
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3Analysing the creative economythat
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3Analysing the creative economyketi
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3Analysing the creative economydiff
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3Analysing the creative economy3.3.
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3Analysing the creative economychai
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3Analysing the creative economygrou
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6766.966.27878.179.7*3940.041.6*363
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3Analysing the creative economyissu
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3Analysing the creative economybeca
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3Analysing the creative economy■
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4Towards an evidence-based assessme
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4.7 The case for a trade model for
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elated to need and comparable. Seco
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4.8.2 Summary comparison of statist
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Table 4.4 continuedCreative service
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■■The same rationale applies to
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Box 4.1Reality and numbers4Towards
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124 CREATIVE ECONOMY REPORT 2010
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5importing countries. It is not yet
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5International trade in creative go
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Chart 5.4a Share of economic groups
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Chart 5.6AlldevelopingeconomiesAsia
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profile their trade performance in
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82.5 per cent in 2002 to 77 per cen
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Trade (GATT) and Article V of the G
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Table 5.12aRankExporterArt crafts:
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socio-economic growth, performing a
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Tajikistan), underscores the promis
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except in South Africa. Recently st
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from $3.5 billion in 2002 to $7 bil
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India remains the world largest fil
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RadioDespite recent changes in life
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first and second, exporting nearly
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The aim of this report is to sensit
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ative content. Issues relating to m
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tions. The rationale for including
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Table 5.28Chart 5.19(in billions of
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Table 5.30 Related goods: Imports,
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The Role of IntellectualProperty an
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CHAPTER6Therole of intellectual pro
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Box 6.1Design as a key ingredient f
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defined in national legislation. Th
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has developed rapidly over the last
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and made commercially available by
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NO DERIVATIVE WORKSAllows others to
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In 2006, WIPO published National St
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Box 6.4Jewellery: A magic marriage
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ing at least until the first sale o
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tial. The right balance should be f
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CHAPTER7Technology,connectivityand
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m-commerce and m-banking. Mobile te
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Figure 7.4Subscribers per 100 inh.4
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Table 7.2DimensionDigital enablersD
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Table 7.4Rank1234567891011121314151
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IPR rights that may be “re-purpos
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producers; in short, the business m
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Box 7.2 continuedFree and open-sour
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patterns developed by ICTs, rich so
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Promoting the CreativeEconomy for D
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CHAPTER8Policystrategies for the cr
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entirely limited to the major urban
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8.3 The policy processThe process o
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8.4.2 Provision of finance andinves
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they operate and to evaluate the sh
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Box 8.2Alternative Currencies in Br
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Box 8.3 continuedThe Egyptian film
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crisis, the active participation to
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tries to the benefits of growth in
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There is significant evidence that
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■■■the desirability of capaci
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CHAPTER9Theinternational dimensiono
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the issues relating to trade in aud
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Development of the European Commiss
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and bound tariff rates have decline
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and continue negotiations on the Ag
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9.3.4 TRIPS AgreementWith respect t
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9.4 UNESCO cultural-diversity persp
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9.5 WIPO Development AgendaAt the W
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Cooperation has continued to work w
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come obstacles faced by poor commun
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9.8 UNEP: Promoting biodiversity be
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CHAPTER10 Lessons learned and polic
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VI. The creative economy cuts acros
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the creative industries in the Unit
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policymakers, researchers and pract
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Another mechanism to promote South-
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10.3.2 Role of creative entrepreneu
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ReferencesBooks and articlesAcheson
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of Definitions of the Cultural and
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ativity for its management”, in C
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Taylor, Calvin (2006). “Beyond Ad
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Department of Communications, Infor
Page 303 and 304: PricewaterhouseCoopers (2008). “G
Page 305 and 306: ______(2004). São Paulo Consensus:
Page 307 and 308: The 2009 UNESCO Framework for Cultu
Page 309 and 310: Statistical Annex
Page 311 and 312: Explanatory notes (continued)Art cr
Page 313 and 314: Explanatory notes (continued)Obviou
Page 315 and 316: Explanatory notes (continued)EBOPSE
Page 317 and 318: Country Profile: Argentina (continu
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Page 321 and 322: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 323 and 324: Country Profile: Turkey (continued)
Page 325 and 326: Distribution of developing economie
Page 327 and 328: Distribution of developed economies
Page 329 and 330: Distribution of economies by trade
Page 331 and 332: TABLE1.1IMPORTS (c.i.f., in million
Page 337 and 338: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 339 and 340: TABLE1.2.ADeveloping economiesEaste
Page 341 and 342: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesAsiaE
Page 343 and 344: TABLE1.2.BDeveloping economiesEaste
Page 345 and 346: CREATIVE GOODS: EXPORTS AND IMPORTS
Page 347 and 348: EXPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 349 and 350: IMPORTS OF ALL CREATIVE SERVICES (1
Page 351 and 352: EXPORTS OF ADVERTISING AND RELATED
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Page 359 and 360: EXPORTS OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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Page 363 and 364: EXPORTS OF PERSONAL, CULTURAL AND R
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Page 367 and 368: EXPORTS OF AUDIOVISUAL AND RELATED
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Page 371 and 372: EXPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 373 and 374: IMPORTS OF OTHER PERSONAL, CULTURAL
Page 375 and 376: Statistical Annex Part 2CREATIVE EC
Page 383 and 384: TABLE3.2.ADeveloping economies (2)E
Page 385 and 386: TABLE3.2.BDeveloping economies (2)E
Page 387 and 388: TABLE3.3.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.4.AEXPORTS (in millions of $
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TABLE3.4.BIMPORTS (in millions of $
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Creative Economy: A Feasible Development Option

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