COMPENDIO_DE_GEOLOGIA_Bolivia

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por / by CARLOS OVIEDO GOMEZ RICARDO MORALES LAVADENZ BERTRAND HEUSCHMIDT VITALIANO MIRANDA ANGLES REINHARD RÖSLING
COMPENDIO DE GEOLOGIA DE BOLIVIA Capítulo 8 POTENCIAL DE HIDROCARBUROS HYDROCARBON POTENTIAL Carlos Oviedo Gómez (1) & Ricardo Morales Lavadenz (2) Introducción El presente capítulo es la compilación sucinta de datos emanados de informes inéditos de YPFB, y de trabajos publicados por ésta y otras compañías, cuyo listado se encuentra al final. El objetivo principal, es brindar una explicación resumida sobre el potencial petrolero existente en cada una de las áreas exploratorias regionales definidas en el país. Los capítulos precedentes de esta Memoria, contienen una descripción completa de las provincias geológicas del país, en cuanto a su morfología, tectónica y ciclos sedimentarios, por lo que al referirnos a estos, solo mencionaremos tópicos relevantes y/o complementarios. La primera concesión petrolera en el Subandino Sur fue adjudicada en 1867 a dos alemanes, en una región rica en emanaciones de petróleo. Las primeras perforaciones exploratorias fueron realizadas sin éxito por varias compañías entre 1916 a 1921. Una exploración sistemática comienza con la llegada de la Standard Oil en 1922, que hegemónicamente trabaja durante 15 años hasta la creación de YPFB en 1936, descubriendo en ese período los campos Bermejo (1924), Sanandita (1926), Camiri (1927) y Camatindi (1929). La actividad petrolera desarrollada por YPFB cambia de rumbo la política petrolera del país, recibiendo por decreto todas las concesiones de la Standard Oil. Este nuevo período trascurre hasta la aprobación del código Davenport (1955). El nuevo Código del Petróleo (1956), sobre la base del código Davenport, abrió las puertas a la inversión extranjera. Este período es de gran producción, mayormente por la compañía Bolivian Gulf Oil, sin embargo concluye con la nacionalización de ésta (1969), previa anulación del Código del Petróleo en 1968. Introduction This chapter is a succint compilation of data resulting from unpublished YPFB reports and other papers published by YPFB and other companies. A list of such works is included at the end of this chapter. The main objective is to provide a summarized explanation of the oil potential that exists in each of the regional exploration areas defined in the country. The preceding chapters in this Memoir contain a complete description of the country’s geological units, in terms of their morphology, tectonics, and sedimentary cycles. Thus, when we refer to these units, we will only mention relevant or complementary topics. In 1867, the first oil concession in the souther Subandean was awarded to two germans, in a region rich in oil emanations. The first exploratory perforations were carried out with no success between 1916 and 1921. A systematic exploration starts with the arrival of Standard Oil in 1922. The company worked hegemonically for 15 years, until the creation of YPFB in 1936. During that period, the Bermejo (1924), Sanandita (1926), Camiri (1927) and Camatindi (1929) fields were discovered. Oil-related activities carried out by YPFB changed the direction of oil policies in the country, whereby Standard Oil was awarded all the concessions by means of a decree. This new period lasted until the approval of the Davenport Code (1955). On the basis of the Davenport Code, the new Oil Code (1956) opened the doors to foreign investment. This was a period of great production, mostly by Bolivian Gulf Oil; however, it ends with the nationalization of the above company (1969), with prior annulment of the 1968 Oil Code. ---------- (1) Consultor en Geología, Casilla 1124 - Santa Cruz, Bolivia (2) Consultor en Geofísica, Casilla 3122 - Santa Cruz, Bolivia 145
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