COMPENDIO_DE_GEOLOGIA_Bolivia

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COMPENDIO DE GEOLOGIA DE BOLIVIA Fig. 10.3 Evolución del Margen Continental Activo de Sudamérica durante los últimos 100 Ma. La convergencia entre la placa continental y la oceánica cambió de ángulo debido al movimiento de las diferentes placas oceánicas. Evolution of the South-American active Continental Margin during the last 100 Ma. The convergence between the continental and the oceanic plate changed its angle due to the movement of the different oceanic plates. 203
REVISTA TECNICA DE YPFB VOL. 18 (1-2) JUNIO 2000 Inicialmente, durante el Jurásico temprano, el margen de la placa se caracterizaba por una baja tasa de subducción de la placa “Aluk” o “Fenix” con un ángulo muy oblicuo, casi paralelo a la fosa (Fig. 10.3) (Scheuber, 1994, Scheuber & Andriessen 1990), lo que resultó en una cuenca marina de trasarco sinistral y transtensional con baja subsidencia. Se formó un arco de isla con una zona de subducción similar al “tipo Mariana.” En la parte posterior del arco de isla se desarrolló una artesa marina a lo largo de cuencas de desgarre alineadas en escalonamiento diagonal (Hillebrandt et al., 1990). La transgresión se movió hacia el este, y tuvo su mayor extensión en tiempos oxfordianos. La cuenca de trasarco del Jurásico estaba ubicada a lo largo de la actual Precordillera chilena. El primer arco magmático del Ciclo Andino se formó a lo largo de la reciente Cordillera Costera en Chile, con la fosa ubicada a lo lejos en el Pacífico reciente. Los productos magmáticos de este arco comprenden a lavas andesíticas de alrededor de 10 km the espesor, depositadas en una cuenca tensional (Scheuber, 1991). Los primeros 100 Ma, del Jurásico al Cretácico medio, estuvieron dominados por un regimen tectónico principalmente extensional con un magmatismo derivado del manto con muy poca contaminación cortical. Initially, in Early Jurassic, the plate margin was characterized by a low subduction rate of the "Aluk" or "Phoenix"-plate with a very oblique angle, almost parallel to the trench (Fig. 10.3) (Scheuber, 1994, Scheuber & Andriessen 1990), resulting in a sinistral transtensional marin back-arc basin with a low subsidence. An island arc was formed with a subduction zone similar to a "Mariana-type". In the back of the growing island arc a marine through developed along en echelon aligned pull-apart basins (Hillebrandt et al., 1990). The transgression moved eastward and had its main extension in Oxfordian time. The Jurassic back-arc basin was situated along the presentday Chilean Precordillera. This first magmatic arc of the Andean Cycle formed along the recent Coastal Cordillera in Chile, the trench lay far off in the recent Pacific. The magmatic products of this arc comprises about 10 km thick andesitic lavas deposited in a tensional basin (Scheuber, 1991). The first 100 Ma, Jurassic to middle Cretaceous, were dominated by a mainly extensional tectonic regime with mantle derived magmatism with only little crustal contamination. Fig. 10.4. Migración hacia el este del arco magmático activo durange el Ciclo Andino, como lo prueban las dataciones radiométricas de rocas ígneas en los Andes del norte de Chile y Bolivia. Eastward migration of the active magmatic arc during the Andean cycle as proved by radiometric datations of igneous rocks in the Andes of northern Chile and Bolivia. 204
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COMPENDIO_DE_GEOLOGIA_Bolivia

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