Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies

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, _ International boundary _ Department boundary National capital Department capital Populated place 20 40 Kilom eters 20 40 Miles Caribbean Sea Grande Jeremie Cayemite o >'ANS_ SUD Port-de-Pal lie de la Tortue (Tortuga) Cap-Hai'tien Fort ^Liberie ~\ "NORD-\ ARTI\ BONITE r^-^-vr^w - Hinche^rK \ ® ) 9s[prtH Atlantic Ocean 20- 'Ventres «- Mipeoalais *" \ (XtEST^ -J Port-au-Prince 4 rvr y Dominican S
Table B. Haiti: Chronology ofImportant Events Period Description 1492 1492-1697 1503 Columbus lands at present-day Mole Saint-Nicolas, Haiti; establishes first permanent Spanish New World settlement at site of Santo Domingo. Spain colonizes Hispaniola. Nicolas de Ovando named governor and supreme justice; institutes encomienda system. Importation of African slaves begins. 1697 1791-1803 1804 January 1 1806 1807 1807-18 1807-20 1818-43 1843-1915 1860 1862 1915-34 1937 1941-42 1946-50 1950 May 10 Treaty of Ryswick: Spain cedes western part of Hispaniola, known as Saint-Domingue, to France following War of the Grand Alliance. Slave rebellion in Saint-Domingue leads to revolution under Toussaint Louverture against French expeditionary force. Haiti becomes independent, with Jean-Jacques Dessalines as president and, subsequently, emperor. Dessalines assassinated. Haiti partitioned. Alexandre Petion president in the south. Henry Christophe president and during 1811-20 king in the north. Jean-Pierre Boyer presidency; Boyer reunites Haiti 1820, invades and occupies Santo Domingo 1822; abolishes slavery. Period of political instability in Haiti. Concordat restores relations between the Vatican and Haiti. United States recognizes Haiti. United States marines occupy Haiti. Dominican military kills 5,000-12,000 Haitians along Haitian-Dominican border. Roman Catholic Church organizes anti-superstition campaign. Dumarsais Estime presidency; new 1946 constitution and reforms launched. Military coup overthrows regime of Dumarsais Estime and leads to period of instability. 1950-56 1957-71 1966 1971-86 1983 1985-86 1986 January February 7 1986-88 1990 December 1991 February 7 Paul Magloire presidency. Francois Duvalier presidency/dictatorship. Revision of concordat between the Vatican and Haiti allows Francois Duvalier to nationalize the Roman Catholic Church. Jean-Claude Duvalier presidency. Pope John Paul II visits Haiti; advocates justice, more egalitarian society. Haitians demonstrate againstJean-Claude Duvalier. United States withholds recertification of Haiti for foreign assistance. Jean-Claude Duvalier leaves Haiti. Lieutenant General Henri Namphy heads National Council of Government. 1 Free parliamentary and presidential elections. Jean-Bertrand Aristide assumes presidency. 259
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area handbook series Dominican Repu
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On the cover: Hispaniola (La Isla E
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Acknowledgments The authors wish to
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Lamar C. Wilson and Patricia Kluck
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Mass Media 199 Roman Catholic Churc
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Higher Education 354 HEALTH 355 Fer
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HAITI'S EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC SECUR
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Preface Like its predecessors, thes
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Introduction THE HISTORIES OF THE T
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Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Re
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30,000 Haitians were reportedly dep
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firmed by a sharply divided legisla
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PRD," laying the groundwork for Mej
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— Topography: Mountain ranges div
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since 1948, Dominican Republic peso
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— constitutional reform, Supreme
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^ V 9{prtft Mtantic Ocean Internati
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Table A. (Cont.) Dominican Republic
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Tomb of the three fathers of the Do
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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Count
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Chapter 2. Dominican Republic: The
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DOMINICAN SOCIETY OF THE late 1990s
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. Dominican Republic: The Society a
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Dominican Republic: The Society and
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View of theDuarte Highway north of
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Ruralfamily in Hato-Nuevo Magueyal,
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— Dominican Republic: The Society
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Farmer preparingjute he has grown C
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Fishing cooperative, San Pedro de M
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Student in a computer class Courtes
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LONG DEPENDENT ON SUGAR, the Domini
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Hai
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Picking cotton Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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Worker in textile mill Courtesy Int
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The Tavera Dam Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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— Dominican Republic: The Economy
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ear
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Unloading lumber, port ofHaina Cour
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View of the Alcazar de Colon, the h
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— Dominican Republic and Haiti: C
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IN 1804 HAITI EMERGED FROM thirteen
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Haiti: The Society and Its Environm
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— Haiti: The Society and Its Envi
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A house-raising Courtesy Inter-Amer
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Boats arrivingfor market day in Res
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primarily as an advocacy and policy
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Classroom, University ofHaiti, Facu
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. . 231,509 Dominican Republic and
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in — Dominican Republic and Haiti
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Published Country Studies (Area Han
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