Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies

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^ V 9{prtft Mtantic Ocean International boundary Provincial boundary National capital Provincial capital 1 20 40 Kilometers Dajabori* ~~V. \ 7 • ^ 1 o* : JSabaneta.i ^12/^13/ Santiago (jSqlcedo •f \5l •Sah£ranc HAITI ;i 8 7 HTl6~',..,Vr .•— « E//as P/'na 19 / 13 \Bonady. B P/afa San Juan C \22 A 17 20 *zuaV? 1 ^San \ ^Jimani^Neiba ^ ^ ^ . / ^ • ' u- .^ Dominican Republic: Administrative Divisions PROVINCES Maria Trinidad La Altagracia (11) Independencia (28) Azua (20) Baoruco (27) Barahona (29) Dajabon (12) Duarte (6) Elias Piha (18) Espaillat (4) Hato Mayor (9) San Cristobal (23) Sanchez Ramirez (16) San Juan (19) San Pedro de Macoris (25) Santiago (14) Santiago Rodriguez (13) ElSeibo (10) Samana (8) Sanchez (7) Monsehor Nouel Monte Cristi (1) Monte Plata (17) National District (24) Pedernales (30) Peravia (21) Puerto Plata (3) La Romana (26) Salcedo (5) Valverde (2) La Vega (15) Figure 2. Dominican Republic: Administrative Divisions, 1999 8
Table A. Dominican Republic: Chronology ofImportant Events Period Description 1492 1492-1697 1503 1586 1697 1801 1802 1809 1818-43 1821 1838 1844 1849 1861 1865 1882-99 1905 1916-24 1930-61 1937 1942 February 27 July 12 March 18 March 3 1965 April 28 1966-78 1978-82 1982-86 1986-96 1996 Columbus lands at present-day Mole Saint-Nicolas, Haiti; establishes first permanent Spanish New World settlement at site of Santo Domingo. Spain colonizes Hispaniola. Nicolas de Ovando named governor and supreme justice; institutes encomienda system. Importation of African slaves begins. Sir Francis Drake captures city of Santo Domingo, collects ransom for returning it to Spain. Spain, under Treaty of Ryswick, cedes western third of Hispaniola (Saint-Domingue—modern Haiti) to France. Toussaint Louverture invades Santo Domingo, abolishes slavery. France occupies the Spanish-speaking colony, reinstituting slavery in that part of the island. Spanish rule is restored. Under presidency ofJean-Pierre Boyer, Haiti invades and occupies Santo Domingo; abolishes slavery. Spanish lieutenant governor Jose Nunez de Caceres declares colony's independence as Spanish Haiti. Juan Pablo Duarte creates secret independence movement, La Trinitaria. La Trinitaria members and others rebel; Santo Domingo gains independence. Pedro Santana's forces take Santo Domingo and proclaim Santana ruler. Buenaventura Baez Mendez becomes president; Santana expels him in 1853. (Baez resumes presidency 1865-66, 1868-74, 1878-79). Santana announces annexation of Dominican Republic by Spain. Queen of Spain approves repeal of Santo Domingo annexation. Ulises Heureaux rules as president/dictator. General Customs Receivership established; United States administers Dominican finances. United States marines occupy Dominican Republic Rafael Leonidas Trujillo Molina, head of National Guard, becomes president/ dictator; rules directly or indirectly until assassinated. Dominican military massacre some 15,000-20,000 Haitians near Dominican-Haitian border. Dominican women given suffrage. United States intervenes, fearing a potential communist takeover because Dominican troops are unable to control a civil war. Joaquin Balaguer Ricardo becomes president in 1966, and United States troops leave. Antonio Guzman Fernandez becomes president; creates a more democratic regime. Salvador Jorge Blanco elected president. Balaguer returns to presidency. In free elections, Leonel Fernandez Reyna is elected in second round. 9
Page 1: area handbook series Dominican Repu
Page 6 and 7: On the cover: Hispaniola (La Isla E
Page 9: Acknowledgments The authors wish to
Page 12 and 13: Lamar C. Wilson and Patricia Kluck
Page 14 and 15: Mass Media 199 Roman Catholic Churc
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Page 18 and 19: HAITI'S EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC SECUR
Page 21 and 22: Preface Like its predecessors, thes
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Dominican Republic: The Society and
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LONG DEPENDENT ON SUGAR, the Domini
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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Count
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Table B. (Continued) Haiti: Chronol
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Published Country Studies (Area Han
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