Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies

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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Country Studies third. Then a government eradication program almost wiped out what remained of the 1.2 million pigs by 1982. Angry farmers complained about the government's inadequate compensation for their slaughtered livestock and about its restocking program using pigs imported from the United States. The large imported pink sentinel strain of pig offered as a replacement for the hardy creole breed was considered unsuitable for Haiti's environment. Farmers also complained that the United States variety required a level of upkeep they could not afford. To supplement the sentinel pigs, Jamaican creole pigs were added to Haiti's livestock population. After the swine-fever epidemic, chicken replaced pork as the most widely consumed meat in the Haitian diet. Goats are one of the most plentiful farm animals in Haiti and, like the creole pigs, adapt well to the terrain and sparse vegetation. Their numbers increased from 400,000 in 1981 to more than 1 million by the end of the 1980s (latest figures available). Approximately 54 percent of all farmers own goats. Sheep are raised in some areas, but they are not particularly well adapted to the island's climate. Some 8,000 to 10,000 Haitians fish the 1,500-kilometer coastline on a full-time or part-time basis, netting an average annual catch of 5,000 tons of fish. Although Haiti's immediate coastal waters are over-fished, deep-sea fishing is underdeveloped because most Haitian fishers lack the modern equipment required for profitable fishing on the high seas. Thus, fishing in general has remained undeveloped into the late 1990s, even though it potentially could have been a major source of badly needed protein in the population's diet. The country imports more than 12,000 tons of fish products a year to satisfy domestic demand. Industry Manufacturing Like almost everything else in Haiti, manufacturing, which was the most dynamic sector of the economy in the 1980s and which accounted for more than 18 percent of GDP in 1980 (and almost 14 percent of GDP in 1991), suffered several crippling blows in the wake of Aristide's overthrow and the ensuing embargo imposed by both the UN and the OAS. Of 180 companies operating in four free zones, 130 closed their factories in the aftermath of the 1991 coup. However, almost thirty 396
Women making rugs at Fort Jacques, near Port-au-Prince Courtesy Inter-American Development Bank Plaiting banana tree bark for baskets at Port-au-Prince Industrial Park Courtesy Inter-American Development Bank 397
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area handbook series Dominican Repu
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On the cover: Hispaniola (La Isla E
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Acknowledgments The authors wish to
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Lamar C. Wilson and Patricia Kluck
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Mass Media 199 Roman Catholic Churc
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Higher Education 354 HEALTH 355 Fer
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HAITI'S EXTERNAL AND DOMESTIC SECUR
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Preface Like its predecessors, thes
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Introduction THE HISTORIES OF THE T
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Rafael Trujillo in the Dominican Re
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30,000 Haitians were reportedly dep
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firmed by a sharply divided legisla
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PRD," laying the groundwork for Mej
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— Topography: Mountain ranges div
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since 1948, Dominican Republic peso
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— constitutional reform, Supreme
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^ V 9{prtft Mtantic Ocean Internati
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Table A. (Cont.) Dominican Republic
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Tomb of the three fathers of the Do
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Dominican Republic and Haiti: Count
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Chapter 2. Dominican Republic: The
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DOMINICAN SOCIETY OF THE late 1990s
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. Dominican Republic: The Society a
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Dominican Republic: The Society and
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View of theDuarte Highway north of
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, Dominican Republic: The Society a
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Ruralfamily in Hato-Nuevo Magueyal,
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— Dominican Republic: The Society
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Farmer preparingjute he has grown C
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Fishing cooperative, San Pedro de M
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— Dominican Republic: The Society
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Student in a computer class Courtes
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LONG DEPENDENT ON SUGAR, the Domini
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Hai
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Dominican Republic: The Economy The
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— Dominican Republic: The Economy
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Dominican Republic: The Economy The
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Dominican Republic: The Economy edg
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Dominican Republic: The Economy pie
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Dominican Republic: The Economy als
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Picking cotton Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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Dominican Republic: The Economy niz
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ere
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135
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Ine
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Dominican Republic: The Economy kil
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Worker in textile mill Courtesy Int
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Dominican Republic: The Economy Nic
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Dominican Republic: The Economy gro
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The Tavera Dam Courtesy Inter-Ameri
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— Dominican Republic: The Economy
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ear
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Unloading lumber, port ofHaina Cour
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Dominican Republic: The Economy ass
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Dominican Republic: The Economy com
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View of the Alcazar de Colon, the h
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— Dominican Republic and Haiti: C
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— —I Dominican Republic and Hai
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s Dominican Republic and Haiti: Cou
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The Torre del Homenaje, Santo Domin
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Topography: Five mountain ranges di
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1990s, Haiti's assembly sector oper
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OPL. In June 1997, Smarth resigned.
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, _ International boundary _ Depart
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Table B. (Continued) Haiti: Chronol
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Figurefrom a painting by Prosper Pi
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IN 1804 HAITI EMERGED FROM thirteen
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Haiti: The Society and Its Environm
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— Haiti: The Society and Its Envi
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A house-raising Courtesy Inter-Amer
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Boats arrivingfor market day in Res
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primarily as an advocacy and policy
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Figurefrom a painting by Prosper Pi
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. . 231,509 Dominican Republic and
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I Dominican Republic and Haiti: Cou
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CD Dominican Republic and Haiti: Co
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Glossary Caribbean Basin Initiative
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— Glossary zones, these industria
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— . Glossary international instit
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in — Dominican Republic and Haiti
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Published Country Studies (Area Han
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trip
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