218 USE OF LONG-TERM CULTURES OF HEPATOCYTES IN TOXICITY TESTING KADLUBAR, F.F., MILLER, J.A. and MILLER, E.C., 1976, Microsomal Noxidation <strong>of</strong> the hepatocarcinogen N-methyl-4-aminobenzene and the reactivity <strong>of</strong> N-hydroxy arylamines to reactive sulfuric acid esters, Cancer Research, 36, 1196– 206. KLAASSEN, C.D. and STACEY, N.H., 1982, Use <strong>of</strong> isolated hepatocytes in toxicity assessment, in Plaa, G. and Hewitt, W.R. (Eds) <strong>Toxicology</strong> <strong>of</strong> the Liver, pp. 147–79, New York: Raven Press. KOCAREK, T.A., SCHUETZ, E.G. and GUZELIAN, P.S., 1993, Differentiated induction <strong>of</strong> cytochrome P450b/e and P450p mRNAs by dose <strong>of</strong> phenobarbital in primary cultures <strong>of</strong> adult rat hepatocytes, Molecular Pharmacology, 38, 440–4. KOEBE, H.G., PAHERNIK, S., EYER, P. and SCHILDBERG, F.W., 1994, Collagen gel immobilization, a useful cell culture technique for long-term metabolic studies on human hepatocytes, Xenobiotica, 24, 95–107. LE BIGOT, J.F., BÉGUÉ, J.M., KIECHEL, J.R. and GUILLOUZO, A., 1987, Species differences in metabolism <strong>of</strong> ketotifen in rat, rabbit and man: demonstration <strong>of</strong> similar pathways in vivo and in cultured hepatocytes, Life Sciences, 40, 883–90. LEE, J., MORGAN, J.R., TOMPKINS, R.G. and YARMUSH, M.L., 1992, The importance <strong>of</strong> proline on long-term hepatocyte function in a collagen gel sandwich configuration: regulation <strong>of</strong> protein secretion, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 40, 298–305. LESLIE, C., REIDY, G.F. and STACEY, N.H., 1989, Effect <strong>of</strong> <strong>of</strong>urace, oxadixyl, and alachlor on xenobiotic biotransformation in the rat liver, Archives <strong>of</strong> Environmental Contamination and <strong>Toxicology</strong>, 18, 876–80. MAIER, P., 1988, Development <strong>of</strong> in vitro toxicity tests with cultures <strong>of</strong> freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, Experientia, 44, 807–17. MOONEY, D., HANSEN, L., VACANTI, J., LANGER, R., FARMER, S. and INGBERG, D., 1992, Switching from differentiation to growth in hepatocytes: control by extracellular matrix, Journal <strong>of</strong> Cellular Physiology, 151, 497–505. MOREL, F., VANDENBERGHE, Y., PEMBLE, S., TAYLOR, J.B., RATANASAVANH, D., ROGIERS, V., KETTERER, B. and GUILLOUZO, A., 1989, Regulation <strong>of</strong> glutathione S-transferase subunits 3 and 4 in cultured rat hepatocytes, FEBS Letters, 258, 99–102. NAKAMURA, T., YOSHIMOTO, K., NAKAYAMA, Y., TOMITA, Y. and ICHIHARA, A., 1983, Reciprocal modulation <strong>of</strong> growth and differentiated functions <strong>of</strong> mature rat hepatocytes in primary culture by cell-cell contact and cell membrane, Proceedings <strong>of</strong> the National Academy <strong>of</strong> Sciences <strong>of</strong> the United States <strong>of</strong> America, 80, 7229–33. NEBERT, D.W., NELSON, D.R., ADESNIK, M., COON, M.J., ESTABROOK, R. W., GONZALEZ, F.J., GUENGERICH, F.P., GUNSALUS, I.C., JOHNSON, E.F., KEMPER, B., LEVIN, W., PHILLIPS, I., SATO, R. and WATERMAN, M., 1989, The P450 superfamily: updated listing <strong>of</strong> all genes and recommended nomenclature for the chromosomal loci, DNA, 8, 1–13. NEWS and VIEWS, 1993, Scientific procedures on living animals in Great Britain in 1992, Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 21, 406–8.
V.ROGIERS ET AL. 219 NIEMANN, C., GAUTHIER, J.C., RICHERT, L., IVANOV, M.A., MELCION, C. and CORDIER, A., 1991, Rat adult hepatocytes in primary pure and mixed monolayer culture, Biochemical Pharmacology, 42, 373–9. PERROT, N., NALPAS, B., YANG, C.S. and BEAUNE, P.H., 1989, Modulation <strong>of</strong> cytochrome-P450 isozymes in human liver, by ethanol and drug intake, European Journal <strong>of</strong> Clinical Investigation, 19, 549–55. RATANASAVANH, D., BAFFET, G., LATINIER, M.F., RISSEL, M. and GUILLOUZO, A., 1988, Use <strong>of</strong> hepatocyte co-cultures in the assessment <strong>of</strong> drug toxicity from chronic exposure, Xenobiotica, 18, 765–71. RATANASAVANH, D., BERTHOU, F., DREANO, Y., MONDINE, P., GUILLOUZO, A. and RICHE, C., 1990, Methylcholanthrene but not phenobarbital enhances caffeine and theophylline metabolism in cultured human hepatocytes, Biochemical Pharmacology, 266, 683–8. ROBERFROID, M.B., 1991, Long term policy in toxicology, in Hendriksen, C.F.M. and Koëter, H.B.W.M. (Eds) Animals in Biochemical Research, pp. 35–48, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. ROGIERS, V., 1993, Cultures <strong>of</strong> human hepatocytes in in vitro pharmacotoxicology, in Rogiers, V., Sonck, W., Shephard, E. and Vercruysse, A. (Eds) Human Cells in in vitro Pharmaco-toxicology—Present Status within Europe, pp. 77–115, Brussels: VUB Press. ROGIERS, V., VANDENBERGHE, Y., CALLAERTS, A., SONCK, W., MAES, V. and VERCRUYSSE, A., 1988a, The inducing and inhibiting effects <strong>of</strong> sodium valproate in vivo on the biotransformation systems <strong>of</strong> xenobiotics in isolated rat hepatocytes, Xenobiotica, 18, 665–73. ROGIERS, V., VANDENBERGHE, Y., CORNET, M., CALLAERTS, A., SONCK, W., GUILLOUZO, A. and VERCRUYSSE, A., 1988b, The use <strong>of</strong> cultures and cocultures <strong>of</strong> rat hepatocytes for the study <strong>of</strong> the effects <strong>of</strong> valproate on phase I and II biotransformation systems <strong>of</strong> xenobiotics, in Woodhouse, K.W., Yelland, C. and James, O.F.W. (Eds) The Liver, Metabolism and Ageing, pp. 75–82, Amsterdam: Elsevier Biomedical Press. ROGIERS, V., VANDENBERGHE, Y., CALLAERTS, A., SONCK, W. and VERCRUYSSE, A., 1990a, Effects <strong>of</strong> dimethylsulphoxide on phase I and phase II biotransformation in cultured rat hepatocytes, <strong>Toxicology</strong> In Vitro, 4, 239– 42. ROGIERS, V., VANDENBERGHE, Y., CALLAERTS, A., VERLEYE, G., CORNET, M., MERTENS, K., SONCK, W. and VERCRUYSSE, A., 1990b, Phase I and phase II xenobiotic biotransformation in cultures and co-cultures <strong>of</strong> adult rat hepatocytes, Biochemical Pharmacology, 40, 1701–6. ROGIERS, V., CALLAERTS, A., VERCRUYSSE, A., AKRAWI, M., SHEPHARD, E. and PHILLIPS, I., 1992, Effects <strong>of</strong> valproate on xenobiotic biotransformation systems in rat liver: in vivo and in vitro experiments, Pharmaceutisch Weekblad, Scientific Edition, 14, 117–31. ROGIERS, V. and VERCRUYSSE, A., 1993, Rat hepatocyte cultures and cocultures in biotransformation studies <strong>of</strong> xenobiotics, <strong>Toxicology</strong>, 82, 193–208. ROGIERS, V., AKRAWI, M., VERCRUYSSE, A., SHEPHARD, E. and PHILLIPS, I. R., 1995, Effects <strong>of</strong> valproate on the expression <strong>of</strong> the cytochrome P450 system in rat liver and co-cultured rat hepatocytes, Biochemical Journal, in press.
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Toxicology of Industrial Compounds
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This edition published in the Taylo
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8. Pulmonary Toxicity Studies with
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Preface A large number of chemical
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Contributors May Akrawi Department
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Beverly M.Kulig TNO Toxicology, Dep
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Richard A.Versen Schuller MTC, Heal
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1 Biomonitoring and Absorption of I
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4 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF I
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6 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF I
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8 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF I
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10 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF
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2 Toxicokinetics and Biodisposition
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14 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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16 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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18 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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20 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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22 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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24 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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26 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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28 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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30 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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32 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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34 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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3 Metabolic Activation of Industria
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38 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF INDUSTRI
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40 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF INDUSTRI
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42 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF INDUSTRI
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4 Sizing up the Problem of Exposure
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46 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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48 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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50 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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52 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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54 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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56 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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58 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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5 Metabolism of Reactive Chemicals
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62 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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64 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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66 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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68 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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70 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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6 Methods for the Determination of
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74 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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76 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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78 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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80 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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82 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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84 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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86 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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88 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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PART THREE Pulmonary toxicology of
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92 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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94 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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96 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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98 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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100 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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102 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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104 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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106 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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108 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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110 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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112 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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114 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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116 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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118 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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120 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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122 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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124 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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126 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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128 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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130 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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132 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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134 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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136 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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10 Mechanisms of Pulmonary Sensitiz
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140 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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142 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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144 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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146 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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148 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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150 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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152 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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154 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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156 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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12 Biomarkers and Risk Assessment K
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160 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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162 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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164 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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166 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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268 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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270 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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272 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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274 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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276 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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278 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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20 Testing and Evaluation for Repro
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282 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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284 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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286 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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288 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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290 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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292 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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294 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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296 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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298 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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PART SIX Toxicity of selected class
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302 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY
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304 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY
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306 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY
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308 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY
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310 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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312 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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314 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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316 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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318 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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320 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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322 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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324 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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326 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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328 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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330 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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332 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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334 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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336 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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338 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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340 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS Inter
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342 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS Figur
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344 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS probl
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346 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS nonio
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348 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS and t
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350 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS long-
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352 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS COULS
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354
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25 Low Dose of a Genotoxic Carcinog
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358 CARCINOGENESIS AT LOW DOSE Tabl
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360 CARCINOGENESIS AT LOW DOSE year
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26 Controversial Mechanistic and Re
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364 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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366 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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368 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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370 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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372 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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374 INDEX 2-bromo-glutathionyl 64 B
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376 INDEX Gas chromatography/mass s
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378 INDEX mRNA analysis 211 Mutagen
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380 INDEX Surfactants 338-55 acute