Toxicology of Industrial Compounds

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268 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THYROID Figure 19.8 Investigative tests on H-P-T-L Axis. pharmaceutical temelastine increase predominantly the clearance of free T 4, though the bile product is not in conjugate form (Poole et al., 1989, 1990). Other compounds such as the food dye FD&C Red No 3 (Capen and Martin, 1989) are able to lower circulating triiodothyronine (T 3) by altered deiodination suggesting the further existence of alternative mechanisms. Furthermore, not all chemicals inducing hepatic neoplasia in rodents cause thyroid neoplasia (McClain, 1989). We and others have reported that two SK&F histamine antagonists, temelastine (SK&F 93944) and lupitidine (SK&F 93479) produce ratspecific thyroid lesions via perturbation of the hepatic locus (Atterwill et
Table 19.1 Table 19.2 C.K.ATTERWILL AND S.P.AYLWARD 269 al., 1989). Increased thyroxine clearance from the circulation, followed by elevated TSH ‘drive’ and increased thyroid follicular cell growth were observed. These com pounds act rapidly within minutes—hours of in vivo drug administration and are apparently able to increase the accumulation of T 4 directly in vitro by cultured rat hepatocytes (Atterwill et al., 1989; Poole et al., 1990). Phenobarbital appears to share this property in vitro
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Toxicology of Industrial Compounds
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This edition published in the Taylo
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8. Pulmonary Toxicity Studies with
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Preface A large number of chemical
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Contributors May Akrawi Department
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Beverly M.Kulig TNO Toxicology, Dep
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Richard A.Versen Schuller MTC, Heal
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1 Biomonitoring and Absorption of I
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4 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF I
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10 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF
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2 Toxicokinetics and Biodisposition
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14 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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3 Metabolic Activation of Industria
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38 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF INDUSTRI
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4 Sizing up the Problem of Exposure
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46 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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5 Metabolism of Reactive Chemicals
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62 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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6 Methods for the Determination of
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74 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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PART THREE Pulmonary toxicology of
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92 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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100 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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118 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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130 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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10 Mechanisms of Pulmonary Sensitiz
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140 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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150 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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12 Biomarkers and Risk Assessment K
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160 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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168 EXTRAPOLATION OF TOXICITY DATA
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14 Molecular Approaches to Assess C
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182 MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO ASSESS
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198 EVALUATION OF TOXICITY TO THE I
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208 USE OF LONG-TERM CULTURES OF HE
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Page 232 and 233: 218 USE OF LONG-TERM CULTURES OF HE
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Page 236 and 237: PART FIVE Mechanisms of toxicity of
Page 238 and 239: 224 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION normal
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Page 242 and 243: 228 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION Specie
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Page 252 and 253: 18 Neurotoxicity Testing of Industr
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Page 294 and 295: 20 Testing and Evaluation for Repro
Page 296 and 297: 282 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
Page 314 and 315: PART SIX Toxicity of selected class
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Page 324 and 325: 310 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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318 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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340 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS Inter
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342 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS Figur
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344 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS probl
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346 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS nonio
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348 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS and t
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350 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS long-
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352 TOXICOLOGY OF SURFACTANTS COULS
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354
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25 Low Dose of a Genotoxic Carcinog
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358 CARCINOGENESIS AT LOW DOSE Tabl
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360 CARCINOGENESIS AT LOW DOSE year
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26 Controversial Mechanistic and Re
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364 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
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374 INDEX 2-bromo-glutathionyl 64 B
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376 INDEX Gas chromatography/mass s
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378 INDEX mRNA analysis 211 Mutagen
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380 INDEX Surfactants 338-55 acute
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