Toxicology of Industrial Compounds

306 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY ASSESSMENT OF COLORANTS
References
AKIYAMA, T., 1970, The investigation on the manufacturing plant of organic
pigment, Jikei Med. J., 17, 1–9.
ANTHONY, H.M., 1974, Industrial exposure in patients with carcinoma of the
bladder, J. Soc. Occup. Med., 24, 110–16.
ANTHONY, H.M. and THOMAS, G.M., 1970, Tumors of the urinary bladder:
An analysis of the occupations of 1030 patients in Leeds, England, J. Nat.
Cancer Inst., 45, 879–95.
BOENINGER, H., 1978, An investigation of the metabolic reduction of benzidine
azo dyes to benzidine and its metabolites and their possible relationship to
carcinoma of the bladder in man. Unpublished data (cited by Gregory, 1984).
BOLT, H. M and GOLKA, K., 1993, Zur früheren Exposition von Malern
gegenüber Azofarbstoffen, Arbeitsmed., Sozialmed., Umweltmed., 28, 417–21.
Bos, R.P., VAN DER KRIEKEN, W., SMEIJSTERS, L., KOOPMAN, J.P.,
DEJONGE, H.R., THEUWS, J.L.G. and HENDERSON, P.T., 1986, Internal
exposure of rats to benzidine derived from orally administered benzidine-based
dyes after intestinal azo reduction, Toxicology, 40, 207–13.
BOWMAN, M.C., NONY, C.R., BILLEDEAU, S.M., MARTIN, J.L. and
THOMPSON, H.C., 1983, Metabolism of nine benzidine-congener-based azo
dyes in rats based on gas chromatographic assays of the urine for potentially
carcinogenic metabolites, J. Anal. Toxicol. 7, 55–60.
CERNIGLIA, C.E., FREEMAN, J.P., FRANKLIN, W. and PACK, L.D., 1982,
Metabolism of azo dyes derived from benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,
3'-dimethoxybenzidine to potentially carcinogenic aromatic amines by
intestinal bacteria, Carcinogenesis, 3, 1255–60.
CHUNG, K.T., FULK, G.E. and EGAN, M., 1978, Reduction of azo dyes by
intestinal anaerobes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 35, 55–62.
Colour Index, 3rd edn., 3rd rev., 1987, Bradford: Society of Dyers and Colourists.
Vols. 1–8.
DECAD, G.M., SNYDER, C.D. and MITONA, C., 1983, Fate of water-insoluble
and water-soluble dichlorobenzidine-based pigments, J. Toxicol. Environm.
Hlth, 11, 455–65.
DECOUFLÉ, P., 1979, Cancer risk associated with employment in the leather and
leather products industry, Arch. Environm. Hlth, 34, 33–7.
DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), 1988, List of MAK and BAT Values
1988, Weinheim: VCH Publishers.
DEWAN, A., JANI, J.P., PATEL, J.S., GANDHI, D.N., VARIYA, M.R. and
GHODSARA, N.B., 1988, Benzidine and its acetylated metabolites in the urine
of workers exposed to Direct Black 38, Arch. Environm. Hlth, 43, 269–72.
DHEW, 1978, Bioassay of diarylanilide yellow for possible carcinogenicity, DHEW
Publication No. (NIH) 78–830, US Dept of Health, Education and Welfare,
Public Health Service, National Cancer Institute, Carcinogens Testing Program.
ETAD (Ecological and Toxicological Association of the Dyestuffs Manufacturing
Industry, 1990, Zum kanzerogenen Potential von Diaryl-Azopigmenten auf
Basis von 3,3′-Dichlorbenzidin, ETAD-Bericht T 2028-BB (D), ETAD,
CH-4005, Basel 5.