Toxicology of Industrial Compounds

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376 INDEX Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) 74–9, 81, 84, 185 Genotoxic carcinogens 168 Genotoxic hazards 181–8 Genotoxicity 184, 281 in vitro assays 184 Germ cell mutagens 168 Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) 240–7, 247–2 Gliotypic proteins 238–3 Glutathione (GSH) 15, 20, 24, 184, 241 Glutathione conjugation, reversible 67– 9 Glutathione S-transferase (GST) 15, 20, 24, 60–4, 66, 161, 212, 329 Glycophorin A 160 GM-CSF 143 Growth desensitising mechanism (GDM) 263, 265 Gunn rat hepatocytes in vitro, studies on 274 Haemoglobin 76 Haemoglobin adducts 189 Health surveillance (HS) 19 Heavy metals 244–9 Hepatic metabolism, xenobiotics acting on 267–76 ‘Hepatic pharmacokinetic stuff’ 49 Hepatocarcinogenesis, mechanisms of 226–1 Hepatocytes co-cultures phase 1 reactions 210–16 phase 2 reactions 212–17 long-term cultures of 207–14 Herbicides 208 Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) 151 n-hexane 3, 7, 238 2,5-hexanedione 3 HGPRT mutation assay 192 HHPA 152 Himic anhydride (HA) 152 Hormone elimination 269 Hormone synthesis 258 Host resistance (HR) studies 200 HPLC 74–83, 84 Human allergic disease 142 Human clearance prediction 49, 53 Human exposure monitoring 188 Human unbound clearances 51–3 Hydroxymethylethenodeoxyadenosine (HMEdA) 83 1-hydroxypyrene 159 Hypersensitivity reactions, Type I-IV 196 Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid-liver (H-P-T-L) axis 256–60 investigative tests on 267 thyroid toxicity via 265–76 toxicological 266 xenobiotic toxic effects on 258 Hypoxanthin guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) 160 ICICIS collaborative study 197–3 IFN- 140–6 IgA 199, 200 IgE 153 IgE antibody 138 IgE antibody responses, induction and regulation of 140–5 IgG 153, 200 IgG2a antibody 140 IgM 200 Immune system, evaluation of toxicity to 196–10 Immunoenrichment of DNA adducts 185–2 Immunological methods 77, 78 Immunotoxic side effects, screening of 197 Immunotoxicity of chemical pesticides 203 Immunotoxicity testing, direct food additives 202 Immunotoxicology 196 collaborative studies 197, 198 screening tests 196 Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF,) 265 Interferon (IFN- ) 140–6 Interleukin 3 (IL-3) 141,143
Interleukin 4 (IL-4) 140, 141, 143 Interleukin 5 (IL-5) 141–6 Interleukin 10 (IL-10) 141 Interleukin 12 (IL-12) 142 International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 91, 93–7, 163 International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) 91 Iron 246 Isocyanates 151–6 Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) 151 Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) 208 Kainic acid (KA) 242–7 Labelling 296–9 Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 117 Late respiratory systemic syndrome (LRRS) 152–7 Lead 244–8 Leaving group 65–8 Life cycle exposure 283 Life span correction 47–49 Light microscopic histopathology 123–6 Light stabilisers 316–39 benzotriazole-based 322–9 Linearized multistage cancer model (LMS) 170 Lipophilic compounds 206 Liver enzyme induction 318–2 benzotriazole-based light stabilisers 327–31 LOAEL 168, 367 Local lymph node assay (LLNA) 196 LOEL 43 Low molecular weight (MW) organic chemicals 187 Lung burden analysis 103–8, 121–5 Lung digestion/biodurability studies 125 Lung dissection 118 Lung fibre burden 98–1 Lung tissue, fibre recovery from 118 MAK-list 304 INDEX 377 Maleic anhydride (MA) 152 Malformations 291 Malignancy, critical mutations leading to 190 Manganese 245, 246 Man-made vitreous fibres (MMVFs) animal inhalation studies 95–106 carcinogenic potential 91–115 cell culture studies 94 comparison of human exposures used in rat chronic inhalation studies 108–13 epidemiological studies 91, 93–7 implantation studies 95 potential biological effects 91 previous inhalation studies 106–9 toxicologic studies 94 Maximum life potential (MLP) 47–54 Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) 170 Meehs Formula 47 Mercaptans 21 Mercapturic acids 21–4, 184–90, 187–3 toxicokinetics of 23 urinary excretion 15, 25 Metabolic activation 60–4 Metabolism and toxicity 206–12 Methamphetamine 241 Methylene chloride 65 Methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI) 151 Methylmercury 241, 245 N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) 263 Michaelis-Menten kinetics 173 Mitogenic stiraulation (ConA.LPS) 199 Model neurotoxins 241–52 Monitoring environmental (EM) 19–1 human exposure 188 in occupational toxicology 19–1 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure 158–6 see also Biological effect monitoring (BEM); Biological monitoring (BM) Monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) 185–2, 318 MPP + 241 MPTP 241
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Toxicology of Industrial Compounds
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This edition published in the Taylo
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8. Pulmonary Toxicity Studies with
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Preface A large number of chemical
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Contributors May Akrawi Department
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Beverly M.Kulig TNO Toxicology, Dep
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Richard A.Versen Schuller MTC, Heal
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1 Biomonitoring and Absorption of I
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4 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF I
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10 BIOMONITORING AND ABSORPTION OF
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2 Toxicokinetics and Biodisposition
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14 TOXICOKINETICS AND BIODISPOSITIO
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3 Metabolic Activation of Industria
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38 METABOLIC ACTIVATION OF INDUSTRI
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4 Sizing up the Problem of Exposure
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46 SIZING UP THE PROBLEM OF EXPOSUR
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5 Metabolism of Reactive Chemicals
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62 METABOLISM OF REACTIVE CHEMICALS
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6 Methods for the Determination of
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74 METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF
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PART THREE Pulmonary toxicology of
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92 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-MA
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100 CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF MAN-M
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118 PULMONARY TOXICITY STUDIES WITH
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130 PULMONARY HYPERREACTIVITY TO IN
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10 Mechanisms of Pulmonary Sensitiz
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140 MECHANISMS OF PULMONARY SENSITI
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150 OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA INDUCED BY
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12 Biomarkers and Risk Assessment K
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160 BIOMARKERS AND RISK ASSESSMENT
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168 EXTRAPOLATION OF TOXICITY DATA
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14 Molecular Approaches to Assess C
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182 MOLECULAR APPROACHES TO ASSESS
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198 EVALUATION OF TOXICITY TO THE I
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208 USE OF LONG-TERM CULTURES OF HE
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PART FIVE Mechanisms of toxicity of
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224 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION normal
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226 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION demons
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228 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION Specie
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230 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION intend
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232 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION BENTLE
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234 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION KRAUPP
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236 PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION POPP,
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18 Neurotoxicity Testing of Industr
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240 NEUROTOXICITY TESTING OF INDUST
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256 ENDOCRINE TOXICOLOGY OF THE THY
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20 Testing and Evaluation for Repro
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282 TESTING AND EVALUATION FOR REPR
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PART SIX Toxicity of selected class
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302 SPECIAL POINTS IN THE TOXICITY
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310 TOXICOLOGY OF TEXTILE CHEMICALS
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318 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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Page 340 and 341: 326 ANTIOXIDANTS AND LIGHT STABILIS
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Page 376 and 377: 26 Controversial Mechanistic and Re
Page 378 and 379: 364 CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES IN SAFETY
Page 388 and 389: 374 INDEX 2-bromo-glutathionyl 64 B
Page 392 and 393: 378 INDEX mRNA analysis 211 Mutagen
Page 394 and 395: 380 INDEX Surfactants 338-55 acute
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Toxicology of Industrial Compounds

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