Australian Government Architecture Reference Models Version 3.0

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34 4 Performance Reference Model 4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 Measurement and the Australian Public Service Measurement and evaluation have been used in the Australian Public Service (APS) since the early 1980s. The Portfolio Evaluation Program was a centralised program aimed at integrating program evaluation with the central budgetary process in an effort to place greater focus on outcomes and cost effectiveness, rather than simply on inputs and processes. Although successful at first, the Portfolio Evaluation Program was ultimately abandoned in the early 1990s because it was argued that it had become too resource intensive to be effective and was seen to be too cumbersome and prohibitive of government innovation, and because there were shortages of skilled evaluation practitioners. Despite more recent evolutions in government policy associated with measurement and evaluation that devolve responsibility for measurement and evaluation to government agencies (the 1997 Outcomes and Outputs Framework and the revised 2009 Programs and Outcomes Policy), there continue to be ongoing challenges in establishing and operating a robust, effective measurement and evaluation framework. In a recent presentation, the Secretary of the Department of Finance and Deregulation, Mr David Tune, stated that the availability of useful evaluation information across the APS is uneven with some agencies maintain a best practice, coherent and well-coordinated evaluation function, with well developed and stable internal evaluation capability and partnerships with external expert consultants. However, others appear to be less focused, which can lead to problems with the usefulness, objectivity, transparency and openness of the data that is collected. What is needed is a measurement framework capable of operating in all government agencies, and capable of simplifying and streamlining the measurement and evaluation process. 4.1.2 Performance Reference Model The Performance Reference Model (PRM) (Figure 4-1) has a measurement framework that aligns with the Inputs–Transformation–Outcome (ITO) Model 7 , the Outcome Process Model (OPM) 8 and the Government Business Operation model. It supports the identification and definition of measures that are able to capture and describe for business: � the efficiency of government agencies in their utilisation of public funds and resources in the delivery of business outputs � the effectiveness of the outputs produced by agencies in realising desired outcomes for the government and the agency � the overall efficacy (ability to execute) of agencies and the delivery of government programs. When implemented in support of business intelligence systems, balanced scorecards, enterprise architecture or other measurement systems, this framework for measurement delivers to agency executives a line of sight between the inputs of a business initiative and the realisation of outcomes from that initiative. 7 J Smyrk, The ITO Model: a framework for developing and classifying performance indicators, Australasian Evaluation Society, International Conference, Sydney, Australia, 2005. The ITO Model is used under a Creative Commons Version 2.5 licence. 8 The OPM is based on the Inputs–Transformation–Outcome (ITO) model of business process theory developed by John Smyrk. The model has been widely adapted within the economics and finance professions and is included here because it describes abstractly the unbreakable relationship that exists between outcomes and inputs. Australian Government Architecture Reference Models Version 3.0
Figure 4-1: The PRM Classification Framework There are five measurement domains within the PRM, and within the five measurement domains there are 14 domain sub-types. Under each of the measurement domain sub-types are groupings for sub-type attributes that correspond to the characteristics of the domain sub-type, and below the sub-type attributes are measurement groupings that provide further refinement of attributes that possess multiple variables. Australian Government Architecture Reference Models Version 3.0 35
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Measurement Area Rationale Defined
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4.7.5 Money 55 Money 5501 Costs (mo
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First order Second order Higher ord
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Measurement Indicator Rationale Cur
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4.9.2 Example 2: OPM used in operat
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BRM Business Area 1 Contains lines
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[109] Employment [10901] Human Reso
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5.3 Services for Citizens Business
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Business Sub Function Defines the s
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5.3.9 [109] Employment A Employment
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5.3.24 [1024] Trade A Trade involve
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5.4.1 [201] Credit and Insurance F
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5.5 Services Support Business Area
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Example 1: Financial Assistance to
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6 Service Reference Model 6.1 Intro
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6.3 Customer Services Domain The Cu
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6.3.2 [1002] Customer Preferences C
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6.4.2 [1102] Routing and Scheduling
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6.5.1 [1201] Management of Process
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6.5.4 [1204] Supply Chain Managemen
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6.6.2 [1302] Document Management Ca
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6.7 Business Analytical Services Do
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6.7.3 [1403] Knowledge Discovery Ca
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6.8.1 [1501] Data Management Capabi
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6.9 Support Services Domain The Sup
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6.9.2 [1602] Collaboration Capabili
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7 Data Reference Model 7.1 Introduc
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7.4 DRM Implementation Framework Th
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Standardisation Area Description Da
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The DRM abstract model is an archit
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7.7 Data Context Standardisation Ar
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7.7.2 Guidance 7.7.2.1 The COI, its
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� Though cardinality is not expre
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Term Definition Other AGA Reference
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Figure 7-8: US DOI DRM Classificati
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section, as well as through the cat
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The following are definitions for e
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Term Definition Document (human rea
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Concept Attribute Description Examp
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Figure 7-13: US FEA BRM Logical Dat
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While it may have been physical evi
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Based upon this analysis, the archi
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architect should plan to provide th
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Term Definition Exchange Package An
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7.9 DRM Abstract Model This section
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The table below summarises each of
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Term Definition Digital Data Resour
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The following are definitions for e
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The table below provides attributes
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Supplier A Supplier is an entity (p
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8.2 Structure Organised in a hierar
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8.3.1 [3001] Access Channels Access
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8.3.2 [3002] Delivery Channels Deli
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Service Standards Defined by Exampl
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Service Standards Defined by Exampl
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8.4 Service Platform and Infrastruc
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Service Standards Defines Examples
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8.6 Service Interface and Integrati
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8.6.3 [3303] Interface Interface de
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Term Definition Australian Governme
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Term Definition Business Service [t
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Term Definition Context [top] As re
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Term Definition Data Element Regist
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Term Definition Digital Rights Mana
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Term Definition Exchange Package [t
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Term Definition Management Context
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Term Definition Preferred Term [top
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Term Definition Semantic Web [top]
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Term Definition Technical Reference
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Term Definition eXtensible Markup L
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