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Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre and Gunnison National Forest Watershed Vulnerability Assessment, Rocky Mountain Region (R2) Infrastructure Values Infrastructure includes roads, trails, culverts, bridges, recreation developments, and other structures that have been constructed for some purpose. Infrastructure associated with stream channels, floodplains, and riparian areas was believed to be most vulnerable to changes in timing or magnitude of stream flow. The NHD flowline data were used to identify stream courses. Floodplains and riparian areas were identified using the Forest riparian habitat layer (created from aerial photo interpretation to identify wetlands, fens, waterbodies, and 100-foot buffer of perennial streams). The infrastructure values evaluated in this WVA are listed below, along with the metric used to rank these values by watershed. Note: Data for riparian areas, roads and trails, recreation developments, and recreation residences were limited to National Forest System lands and what is available in USFS databases. Stream network information extended off-Forest. The discrepancies in data extent means the confidence in results varies for subwatersheds that are completely or mostly within the GMUG as compared to those subwatersheds that extend beyond the GMUG boundary or that have developments on private inholdings. Road and Trail Stream Crossings - number of open road and trail crossings per miles of perennial and intermittent streams within a given subwatershed. Stream crossings were determined by intersecting perennial and intermittent streams with existing and open roads and trails. Figure 5 shows where these stream crossings occur. The crossing count for a given subwatershed was then divided by the miles of perennial and intermittent streams for that same subwatershed, to get a count of crossings per mile of perennial and intermittent streams within a given subwatershed. Counts of crossings per mile of perennial and intermittent streams by subwatershed ranged from 0 to 1.2. Note: The NHD Flowline and the roads and trails layers are approximations and the resulting intersection point layer is not necessarily an accurate representation of all actual crossings. This information also does not identify if the crossing is a culvert, a bridge, or a ford. Existing culvert and bridge inventories are not complete. These are data gaps that need to be addressed in the future. 70 Assessing the Vulnerability of Watersheds to Climate Change
Grand Mesa, Uncompahgre and Gunnison National Forest Watershed Vulnerability Assessment, Rocky Mountain Region (R2) Figure 5. Road and Trail Stream Crossings Roads and Trails within Riparian Areas - miles of open roads and trails per square mile of riparian areas within a given subwatershed. This was determined by identifying those segments of open roads and trails that occur within riparian areas, for each subwatershed. This length was then divided by the square miles of riparian areas for each subwatershed. Figure 6 shows where roads and trails occur within riparian areas. Miles of open roads and trails per square mile of riparian areas within a given subwatershed ranged from 0 to 10. 71 Assessing the Vulnerability of Watersheds to Climate Change
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AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS Authors* M
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ASSESSSING THE VULNERABILITY OF WAT
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staff; the task group included repr
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Figure 2. Conceptual model for asse
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Figure 3. Density of springs and sm
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Using Historic Data One finding con
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NF (Region 8) relied on information
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level of uncertainty. Though there
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climate (Casola et al. 2005). Only
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sensitivity. Most were derived from
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The sensitivity evaluation typicall
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White River National Forest Watersh
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Assessment of Watershed Vulnerabili
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Coconino National Forest Watershed
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Sawtooth National Forest Watershed
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Shasta Trinity National Forest Wate
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Umatilla National Forest Watershed
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Ouachita National Forest Watershed
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Chugach National Forest Watershed V
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