Designing e-Government for the Poor - Tanzania Development ...

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24 Citizen-centric e-government: empowering the poor through innovative technology Mr. Kushner said that e-government can also be a tool for trade facilitation, and presented a case study on the Poland Ministry of Finance. In order to gain membership into the European Union, Poland had to enhance its customs processes. The Government of Poland had to ensure control, detect fraud, and facilitate free movement of goods. The solution was to build one integrated Customs and Tax system through an XML based customs gateway. The results were positive and beneficial. This electronic system improved cross border security while facilitating legitimate trade, eliminated paper based processes, reduced processing time from 15 to 2 minutes, with 20 per cent fewer errors by eliminating multiple data entry. A second example of an e-government system that facilitates trade is UNeDocs (United Nations electronic trade documents), an electronic trading system. According to projections by the World Bank, UneDocs are expected to increase intra-APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation) trade by US$ 250 billion, and on average, APEC countries can expect a 4.3 per cent increase in per capita gross domestic product (GDP). The Australian tax office system is a third example in which ICT provided a solution to facilitate trade and business among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In Australia, SMEs had a heavy administrative burden because they had to deal with multiple agencies at all levels of government. The solution was to implement an XML system in which the Australian Business Registry (ABR) could interoperate with all federal, state, and local agencies that serve and regulate the business community. In Spain, ICT played a significant role in bolstering economic growth in the tourism sector, and facilitating business procedures for SMEs. The government of Spain created a single Spanish tourism portal in which ‘Content Factory’ aggregates information and services from public and private sectors using XML Web services. It quantified, coordinated, and personalised tourist information in nine languages and multi-media formats. Lastly, Mr.Kushner referred to the Bhoomi project in India. In this successful project, information kiosks deployed in the state’s 177 subdistricts provided 6.7 million farmers with instant access to 20 million land records spread over 27,000 villages. The benefits of this system were numerous and included: exploitation of the farmer was prevented, land records were accurate and instantly accessible, time waiting for change requests was decreased, and private sector received data for marketing farm products. Mr. Kushner then introduced the various programmes that Microsoft provides to bridge the digital divide, which include Partners in Learning, Unlimited Potential, and Technology Innovation. Partners in Learning and Unlimited Potential aim to improve technology access and training in the community and classroom. Mr. Kushner emphasized that education and training is about making e-government citizen-centric. Technology Innovation refers to the various technologies that Microsoft is developing at the
Citizen-centric e-government: empowering the poor through innovative technology moment. Microsoft is working on local language programmes aimed at facilitating and enabling linguistic and cultural groups to benefit from ICT advancements. Currently, there are 76 languages offered worldwide. At the moment, India is receiving much investment from Microsoft including 150 projects and the deployment of 7,000 kiosks. Such ICT projects are providing the following benefits: • Provide health services to previously inaccessible areas • Extend Government services and provide an open communication channel • Give farmers access to best market prices • Print astrological charts • Increase livelihood options • Empower women • Communicate with family members in other villages • Give artisans access to regional, national, and potentially global markets Based on Microsoft’s experiences and projects in India and other countries, specific factors have been found to contribute to the sustainability of kiosks. These are: connectivity, access device, services, business model, and abilities of kiosk operator. In the discussion session that followed, Mr. Kushner was asked how to move to seamless interaction in the more advanced networked economy. Mr. Kushner replied that no country has yet moved to a completely seamless state because it is a long process of evolution. The participant from Cambodia mentioned that his government has been working with Microsoft in establishing a Khmer Unicode platform and developing applications for this platform. The problem is that these applications can only be used with the most current and advanced hardware, but most people in Cambodia cannot afford newer computer hardware. Mr. Kushner replied that dealing with older personal computers (PCs) was indeed a difficult issue because one has to balance between affordability and developing more advanced technology. He added that this issue can be solved on a case by case basis, and that Microsoft is committed to provide affordable hardware and localization. Another participant asked Mr. Kushner which factors in addition to business process reengineering (BPR) are necessary for seamless e-government, and how Microsoft promotes these factors. Mr. Kushner replied that open standards and technical standards are additional important driving factors towards seamless government. He said that in order to promote open standards, Microsoft is an active participant in organizations developing standards on intellectual property. 25
Page 3 and 4: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR
Page 5: PREFACE Preface In recent years, th
Page 8 and 9: vi Contents Contents (Continued) Pa
Page 10 and 11: viii Abbreviations Abbreviations AB
Page 12 and 13: x Abbreviations Abbreviations (Cont
Page 15: PART ONE Summary of the Workshop
Page 18 and 19: 4 Organization of the Workshop C. O
Page 20 and 21: 6 Organization of the Workshop 22.
Page 22 and 23: 8 Enabling local governments to off
Page 24 and 25: 10 Maximizing participation: design
Page 30 and 31: 16 Stakeholder participation in des
Page 32 and 33: 18 Stakeholder participation in des
Page 34 and 35: 20 Developing local e-government po
Page 36 and 37: 22 Citizen-centric e-government: em
Page 40 and 41: 26 Preparing a project proposal for
Page 42 and 43: 28 Preparing a project proposal for
Page 44 and 45: 30 Job training and job placement s
Page 46 and 47: 32 E-government and the digital div
Page 48 and 49: 34 Building e-government in Japan g
Page 50 and 51: 36 Building e-government in Japan T
Page 52 and 53: 38 Methods of assessing the informa
Page 54 and 55: 40 Conducive policy environment for
Page 56 and 57: 42 Conducive policy environment for
Page 58 and 59: 44 The challenge of implementing e-
Page 60 and 61: 46 Public key infrastructure initia
Page 62 and 63: 48 Public key infrastructure initia
Page 65: PART TWO Summary of Country Reports
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Page 70 and 71: 56 Summary of Country Reports Howev
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Page 76 and 77: 62 Summary of Country Reports L. Sr
Page 78 and 79: 64 Summary of Country Reports serva
Page 81 and 82: WORKSHOP AGENDA Annex I: Workshop A
Page 83 and 84: 15:15 - 15:30 Coffee Break 15:30 -
Page 85 and 86: Annex I: Workshop Agenda • Farm e
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76 Annex II: List of Participants M
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78 Annex II: List of Participants R
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80 Annex II: List of Participants M
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82 Bangladesh Title: Technical Link
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84 Bangladesh • An integrated net
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86 Bangladesh Communication Technol
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88 Bangladesh Title: Agrobangla-net
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90 Bangladesh Design Performance Mo
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92 Bangladesh II. ISSUES • Lack o
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94 Bangladesh Items Quantity Cost T
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96 Cambodia Title: Government Admin
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98 Cambodia The Project Steering Co
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100 Cambodia Design Performance Mon
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102 China • Electronic system for
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104 China Design Performance Monito
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106 India • All information needs
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108 India Design Performance Monito
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110 Indonesia Title: E-on-lending i
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112 Indonesia Financing plan It is
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114 Indonesia The online system wil
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116 Indonesia Title: E-learning in
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118 Indonesia • 200 scanner - whi
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120 Indonesia • Miscellaneous adm
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122 Lao People’s Democratic Repub
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134 Mongolia Title: Mongolian e-gov
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136 Mongolia B. Cost estimates and
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138 Mongolia C. Benefits • Increa
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140 Myanmar population lives in rur
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142 Nepal Title: Decentralized mana
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144 Nepal • Prepare e-government
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146 Nepal E. Risks The following fa
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148 Nepal Design Performance Monito
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150 Nepal • Government services
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152 Nepal Design Monitoring Assumpt
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154 Pakistan • Public (i.e. resid
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156 Pakistan (c) Standard template/
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158 Philippines Title: Database of
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160 Philippines Component/item Gran
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162 Sri Lanka Title: E-land service
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164 Sri Lanka build the relevant la
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166 Sri Lanka • Increases capacit
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168 Sri Lanka Design Performance Mo
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170 Thailand III. THE PROPOSED PROJ
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172 Thailand Design Performance Mon
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174 Thailand Title: Local initiativ
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176 Thailand C. Implementation arra
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178 Uzbekistan Title: E-government
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180 Uzbekistan During implementatio
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182 Viet Nam Title: E-government in
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184 Viet Nam C. Implementation arra
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