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Sandinista bloc was dead. The PLC, however, remained a powerful force. The main hope of the U.S. was the dissident Liberal, Eduardo Montealegre, whose Alianza Liberal Nicaragüense forged an alliance with the Conservatives. Meanwhile, the Sandinistas also fragmented (Bendaña 2004). With the disarray among the Liberals, Daniel Ortega had his best chance to win back the presidency, but he faced much disillusionment in the ranks because of his deals with Alemán, his own legal troubles, and his authoritarian control of the party. The former mayor of Managua, Herty Lewites, mounted a determined independent campaign (until his untimely death from a heart attack July 2) after having been crushed by the Ortega organization in his effort to replace Daniel as the FSLN candidate. Lewites’ replacement as the candidate of the Sandinista Renovation Movement was the much less well-known Edmundo Jarquín. Since its defeat in 1990, the FSLN has stayed with its caudillo, Daniel Ortega, and has played the political game in a highly Machiavellian manner. This has enabled them to remain the principal opposition force, with a very substantial corps of elected deputies and municipal officials. But the price of playing the game has been a loss of idealism and ideological commitment. The elections of 5 November 2006 showed a decisive split in the anti- Sandinista vote, while Ortega and the FSLN overpowered the MRS and Jarquín by a 6-1 margin. Ortega easily won in the first round under the new rules, gaining 38 percent against 29 percent for Montealegre (ALN) and 26 percent for Rizo (PLC). The FSLN is the largest party in the new Assembly, but without a majority. Ortega won with a considerably smaller percentage than he received against either Chamorro or Bolaños, and he did so after a campaign emphasizing his moderation. A truly leftist government is not in the cards. El Salvador. Salvadoran politics after the peace settlement of 1992 show many similarities to the Nicaraguan pattern. The main right wing party, ARENA, has consistently dominated elections, while the former guerrillas of the FMLN have made a successful transition to being the principal legal opposition party (see Table 2). The FMLN has important strength in the Assembly, and is able to elect significant numbers of local governments in San Salvador and across the country. 7 22
TABLE 2 ELECTION RESULTS SINCE 1994: EL SALVADOR Party/Candidate Parliamentary Presidential N % N % 1994 (1 st round) ARENA/Calderón 605,775 45.0 641,108 49.0 FLMN/Zamora 297,811 21.4 325,582 24.9 PDC/Chávez 240,451 17.9 214,277 16.4 Other 15.7 9.7 (2 nd round) Calderón 818,264 68.3 Zamora 378,980 31.7 1997 ARENA 396,301 35.4 FMLN 368,709 33.0 Other 31.6 1999 ARENA/Flores 614,268 52.0 FMLN/Guardado 343,472 29.0 Other 19.0 2000 ARENA 436,169 36.0 FMLN 475,043 35.4 Other 24.1 2003 ARENA 446,233 31.9 FMLN 475,043 34.0 Other 24.1 2006 ARENA 40 FMLN 40 Sources: 1994-2003: Nohlen (2005), 284-285, 290-291; 2004: Tribunal Supremo Electoral (2004), 357; Central America Report, 24 March 2006 . 23
Page 1 and 2: MACLAS LATIN AMERICAN ESSAYS Volume
Page 3 and 4: Managing Editor’s Preface The twe
Page 5 and 6: TEXTILE TRADITION AND NATIONAL IDEN
Page 7 and 8: ullfights to Easter services. Accor
Page 9 and 10: are in one color and the design mot
Page 11 and 12: Paraguayan histories for virtually
Page 13 and 14: Figure 3. Miss Paraguay competing f
Page 15 and 16: An alternative myth is more indigen
Page 17 and 18: Schneider, Jane 1987 The Anthropolo
Page 19 and 20: The Jimmy Carter Administration (19
Page 21 and 22: the indigenous population, which mi
Page 23 and 24: presidency and, in coalition with t
Page 25: The 2000 municipal elections, separ
Page 29 and 30: several leftist guerrilla movements
Page 31 and 32: U.S. foreign policy) are permissive
Page 33 and 34: Artiga González, Álvaro. "El Salv
Page 35 and 36: Schoultz, Lars. Human Rights and Un
Page 37 and 38: wide sense of the term. 4 They incl
Page 39 and 40: and Psychological School of Law is
Page 41 and 42: explanations raising doubts about t
Page 43 and 44: solidarity and zeal for internation
Page 45 and 46: provides the flexibility necessary
Page 47 and 48: “. . . to codify American Interna
Page 49 and 50: 2 Contrary to colonialism and imper
Page 51 and 52: 33 See Gómez Robledo (1960, 21-22)
Page 53 and 54: Sánchez i Sánchez, Carlos Augusto
Page 55 and 56: apuntó el sentido “paródico”
Page 57 and 58: desorientado ante la afirmación
Page 59 and 60: literaria”: “allí donde hay un
Page 61 and 62: VISUALIZACIONES DE LA MATERNIDAD: H
Page 63 and 64: like the ones in those other church
Page 65 and 66: En Colonia II de 1992 (fig.2) Sánc
Page 67 and 68: isleña. De manera similar a lo que
Page 69 and 70: 5 En su ensayo “The Production an
Page 71 and 72: el mismo González propuso en La nu
Page 73 and 74: Bassin, Donna and Honey Margaret, e
Page 75 and 76: Neumann, Erich. The Great Mother: A
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Estos relatos cuestionan la idea de
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por números. Los habitantes de los
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traductor, no sólo de la lengua, s
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por la esperanza de que al salir de
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Francia en María de Amoreira, o un
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Rosell, Joel Franz. “¿Qué es la
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folletín que Gutiérrez había esc
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Juan -provincia limítrofe de La Ri
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Los títulos militares del general
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tiempo -y aquí entra la paradoja-
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heterogeneidad cultural. En otras p
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Fernández Latour, Olga. Cantares h
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MÁS ALLÁ DE LA REVOLUCIÓN: POES
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3. Apoyo a la Revolución Sandinist
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los miedos de esta generación que
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Como observara Helena Ramos: “Tan
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Notas 1 Sin embargo, Manuel Quiroga
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. Fenton, Annette. “Di first thin
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“Shade, Eunice” (Eunice López
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plays itself out in the personal li
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and “But the memory, like the min
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elate to the past She takes it upon
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In the secret chambers of her compu
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Dressed for the occasion. Action!
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an altar once stood, where vegetabl
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References Cited Álvarez Borland,
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Como consecuencia, tienen una alime
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producción bien por deudas contra
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Galeana, Tlapa de Comonfort y Telol
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porcentaje tan alto de los habitant
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OBRA PÚBLICA Marginalidad 1989 199
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Fuente: Elaboración propia con bas
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Fuente: Elaboración propia con bas
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River Plate: Nostalgia for Eden”
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MACLAS OFFICERS - 2006-2007 Preside
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MACLAS SECRETARY-TREASURERS: 1979-2
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