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kanoniT nebadarTulia piris mimarT nebismieri xasiaTis informaciis damuSaveba, rogorc martivad maidentificirebadi (saxeli, gvari, misamarTi, telefonis nomeri, piradi nomeri), ise biometriuli (TiTis anabeWdi, dnm kodi, baduris garsis an gugis gamosaxuleba da sxv.) da specialuri (religiuri mrwamsi, politikuri Sexedulebebi, seqsualuri orientacia, Cvevebi, midrekilebebi). amasTan, subieqtis Tanxmobis gareSe monacemTa damuSaveba SeiZleba moxdes nebismieri safuZvliT, romelic dammuSavebels azrad mouva, risTvisac karg safuZvels qmnis kanonis me-5 muxli (magaliTad, mesame piris interesebis dasacavad, mniSvnelovani sajaro interesis dasacavad.). specialuri monacemebi, es aris piradi an ojaxuri cxovrebis saidumlos mikuTvnebuli informacia, romelic mimoqcevis gansakuTrebul reJims eqvemdebareba da iseTi SefasebiTi kategoriis safuZvelze rogoric `sajaro interesia~ misi damuSaveba dauSvebelia, miT umetes, rom evropis sabWos konvenciis me-7 muxli (rogorc saerTaSoriso SeTanxmeba, kanonis zemdgomi aqtia) pirdapir moiTxovs, rom specialuri monacemebis damuSaveba daSvebuli iqnas mxolod zustad gansazRvruli kanonieri miznisaTvis da ara raRac abstraqtuli, `sajaro interesisaTvis.~ rom ara xelisuflebis survili, `mniSvnelovani sajaro interesis~ qolgis qveS moaqcios nebismieri informacia, rac saSualebas miscems konkretul momentSi survilisamebr gamoiyenos is, martivad iyo SesaZlebeli am interesebis dakonkreteba. klasikuri gagebiT mniSvnelovan sajaro interess warmoadgens danaSaulis prevencia, gamoZieba, marTlmsajulebis ganxorcieleba, qveynis konstituciuri wyobisa da usafrTxoebis dacva, rac, survilis SemTxvevaSi, imperatiulad SeiZleba aisaxos kanonSi (magaliTad, litvis 1996 wlis 11 ivlisis kanoniT `piradi monacemebis dacvis Sesaxeb~, aseTi monacemebis damuSaveba daiSveba danaSaulis an sxva marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebis aRsakveTad an gamosaZieblad, saqmis sasamarTloSi gansaxilvelad (muxli 5); germaniis 1990 wlis 3 oqtombris `monacemTa dacvis~ federaluri kanonis me-13 muxliT, specialuri kategoriis monacemebis damuSaveba daiSveba swored sazogadoebrivi usafrTxoebis xelyofis Tavidan asacileblad, gadaudebel SemTxvevaSi, sazogadoebrivi sikeTis gadasarCenad, federaciis saxelmwifo organoebis mier Tavdacvis konkretuli miznebis, zenacionaluri an saxelmwifoTaSorisi valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad, krizisebis samarTavad, konfliqtebis SesaCereblad an sxva humanuri miznebisaTvis). daskvnisaTvis SeiZleba vTqvaT, rom `personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis SemuSavebisa da miRebisas saxelmwifom cota ifiqra mizanze _ piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis dacvaze da kanonis moqmedebis sferos gafarToebis, daukonkretebeli safuZvliT personaluri, maT Soris, specialuri monacemebis damuSavebis daSvebis gziT bevri gaakeTa sajaro interesebisaTvis, riTac is Tavad gaxda arsebiTi safrTxe moqalaqeTa piradi cxovrebisaTvis. rodesac 1974 wels, frangi gamomgonebeli roland moreno smart-baraTis ideas apatentebda, Znelad Tu warmoidgenda, rom sul ociode wlis Semdeg misi es gamogoneba Seexeboda da Secvlida msoflios yvela moqalaqis cxovrebas ganurCevlad misi statusisa, religiuri mrwamsisa, eTnikuri da rasobrivi kuTvnilebisa da socialuri mdgomareobisa. ukanaskneli wlebis manZilze, mTels msoflioSi ar cxreba kamaTi da vnebaTaRelva biometriuli pasportebisa da IDD baraTebis garSemo. 2001 wlis 11 seqtemberma bevri ram Secvala moqalaqeTa piradi cxovrebis sazianod. terorizmTan efeqtiani brZolis warmoebis gzebis Ziebam Zalauneburad gamoiwvia xelisuflebaTa mxridan adamianebis privatuli sferos SezRudva. tragediis Semdeg, amerikis SeerTebulma Statebma megobari da Tanamoazre saxelmwifoebisagan nacionalur sivrceSi biometriuli sapasporto da samgzavro dokumentebis danergva moiTxova da gancxada, rom aseTi tipis pasportis gareSe, yvelas SeezRudeboda mimosvla aSS-Si. mravalwliani muSaobisa da ganxilvis Semdeg, 101
marTlmsajuleba N1 da kanoni 2003 wels saerTaSoriso organizacia ICAO-m SeimuSava "Blueprint"-is saxelwodebiT cnobili rekomendaciebi, romelic samgzavro dokumentebSi eleqtronuli saSualebebiT wakiTxvadi, adamianis ucvleli parametrebis datanas iTvaliswinebda. rekomendaciebis niadagze, 2004 wlis 13 dekembers, evrokavSiris sabWom miiRo #2252/2004 reglamenti, romlis ZaliTac evrokavSirsa da masTan asocirebul qveynebSi mimosvla mxolod am saxis pasportebiTa da samgzavro dokumentebiT aris SesaZlebeli, xolo rac Seexeba Sidasaxelmwifoebriv teritoriaze gadaadgilebisaTvis saWiro dokumentebs, maTze raime saerTaSoriso standartebi da moTxovnilebebi ar vrceldeba. evropa, romelic Znelad da garkveuli zewolis Sedegad daTanxmda biometriuli saerTaSoriso mimosvlis dokumentebis aucileblobas, Seuvali aRmoCnda analogiuri sistemis Sidasaxelmwifoebriv doneze danergvasTan dakavSirebiT. farTod reklamirebuli sikeTeebi, rom eleqtronuli mowmoba aadvilebs cxovrebas, rom masze datanili eleqtronuli xelmoweriT saxlidan gausvlelad aris SesaZlebeli angariSis gaxsna, registraciis gavla, notariuli damowmeba, qonebisa da organizaciis registracia, registraciidan moxsna, registraciis adgilis Secvla, gadasaxadebis gadaxda; aseve, is SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iyos, rogorc eleqtronuli safule, samgzavro, samsaxurebrivi, dazRvevis an dagrovebis baraTi, romlebsac cal-calke Cvens `Cveulebriv safuleebSi~ adgilis mniSvnelovani nawili uWiravT, sakmarisi argumenti ar aRmoCnda adamianebisaTvis, romlebic mixvdnen, rom am erTaderTi baraTiT komfortis miRweva sinamdvileSi niSnavs, rom viRacas SeuZlia erTi sainformacio bazidan gaigos, rodis da ra saxis garigeba dadeT notariul biuroSi, ra CivilebiT mimarTeT eqims, romel maRazias stumrobdiT da ra saxis SenaZeni gaakeTeT, sad waxvediT da romeli sastumro SearCieT dasvenebis dReebSi, sad cxovrobT dRes, rodis gayideT an iyideT uZravmoZravi qoneba, ramdens Seadgens Tqveni krediti da xelfasi da yvela sxva informacia, romelic Cveulebriv pirobebSi ojaxuri an piradi cxovrebis saidumlos warmoadgens. swored am mizeziT (rom aRaraferi vTqvaT religiur mosazrebebze, ramac msoflioSi milionobiT adamianis protesti gamoiwvia) ID baraTebze uari Tqva safrangeTma, germaniam, saberZneTma, inglisma, ukrainam, ruseTma da belorusma. saxelmwifos, represiuli bunebisaTvis ucxoa TiToeuli adamianis „erTaderT da ganumeorebel~ egzemplarad ganxilva, samwuxarod, moqalaqe misTvis iyo da rCeba „empiriulad da statistikurad saSualod~, 3 xolo misi emociebi mxolod faqtobriv SegrZnebebad, ris gamoc saxelmwifo yovelTvis mzadaa sazogadoebis mxridan winaaRmdegobis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, airCios moqalaqeTa marTvis umartivesi gza, maTi piradi cxovrebis kontrolis saSualebiT. yvela dokumentis `Cipizaciisa~ da totaluri eleqtronuli kontrolis winaaRmdeg mimar- Tulma aqtiurma kampaniebma mraval qveyanaSi `moToka~ xelisuflebis survili _ erT serverze moeyara Tavi moqalaqeTa piradi cxovrebisa da saqmianobisaTvis. aqtiuri sazogadoebrivi winaaRmdegobis gamo 2011 wlis 3 dekembers, ukrainis prezidentma veto daado `piradobis mowmobisa da ukrainis moqalaqeobis damadasturebeli dokumentebis Sesaxeb~ kanons, romelic Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi dokumentebis eleqtronul formaze gadasvlas iTvaliswinebda, 4 inglisis premier-ministrma devid kemeronma ki, pirdapir ganacxada, rom pirovnebis identifikaciisaTvis ar aris savaldebulo mis Sesaxeb informacia sajaro iyos mTeli msofliosaTvis. 5 gansakuTrebiT, uaryofiTad Sexvda ID baraTebis danergvas marTlmadidebluri samyaro. sakanonmdeblo iniciativebis ganxilvisas, bevrma postsabWoTa qveynis xelisuflebam (moldova, ukraina, ruseTi, belorusia) gaiTvaliswina mrevlisa da eklesiis Txovna da eleqtronuli piradobis mowmobis aReba da am gziT sakuTari cxovrebis gamartiveba moqalaqis survilze datova. sazogadoebrivi azris sasargeblod sakiTxis gadawyvetas xels uwyobs isic, rom evrosabWos qveynebisaTvis ar arsebobs aranairi valdebuleba eleqtronuli personaluri saidentifikacio dokumentebis valdebulebis Sesaxeb. 102
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