#1(36)'13
#1(36)'13
#1(36)'13
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marTlmsajuleba<br />
N1<br />
da<br />
kanoni<br />
mesame, saerTaSoriso sainvesticio samarTalSi saubaria ara sazogadod, ucxouri sakuTrebis,<br />
aramed konkretulad ucxouri investiciebis Sesaxeb. amitom aRmocenda am cnebis gansaz-<br />
Rvris sakiTxi. investiciebis waxalisebisa da dacvis ormxriv saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebebSi investiciebi<br />
Cveulebriv gagebulia Zalze farTo mniSvnelobiT _ arsebiTad, rogorc nebismieri<br />
qonebrivi sikeTe, yovelgvari nivTebi, uflebebi da interesebi. qonebrivi sikeTe SeiZleba iyos<br />
jer erTi, materialuri faseulobani e. i. nebismieri moZravi da uZravi qoneba, fasiani qaRaldebis<br />
CaTvliT; meorec, esaa aramaterialuri sikeTe, upirveles yovlisa, inteleqtualuri sakuTreba.<br />
mravalmxrivi sainvestico garantiebis saagentos (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency –<br />
MIGA) Seqmnis Sesaxeb seulis 1985 wlis konvencia investiciebs ufro SezRudulad ganmartavs.<br />
MIGA-Si garantiebiT `avtomaturad~ ifareba mxolod pirdapiri investiciebi 2 , investirebuli<br />
sawarmos kapitalSi monawileobis formiT, finansuri investiciebis CaTvliT.<br />
nebismier SemTxvevaSi, investiciebi seulis konvenciis azriT, jer erTi, unda iyis anabaris<br />
formiT (fuladi an naturiT, maT Soris, aramaterialuri faseulobebis formiT, magram ara<br />
momsaxurebis formiT); meore, anabari ar unda iyos moklevadiani; mesame da mTavari, investicia<br />
samewarmeo xasiaTis unda iyos e. i. unda gulisxmobdes gansazRvrul samewarmeo risks. unda<br />
iyos ara marto kapitalis dabandeba, aramed am dabandebidan SesaZlo mogebac.<br />
magram seulis konvencia investiciebs gansazRvravs mxolod maTi garantiebis garantirebulobasTan<br />
kavSirSi. investiciebis sayovelTaod aRiarebuli saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi gansazRvreba<br />
ar arsebobs da dRes, aseTi mkacrad samarTlebrivi gansazRvrebis micema saeWvoa<br />
SesaZlebeli iyos, vinaidan sabolood, yoveli saxelmwifo erTiani universaluri saerTaSoriso<br />
samarTlebrivi aqtis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, Tavisufalia kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvros rogorc<br />
zogadad, investiciis cneba, ise kerZod, ucxouri investiciis cnebac. investiciis cnebas,<br />
`erovnuli sainvesticio saagentos Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 2002 wlis 19 ivnisis kanonis me-3 muxli<br />
Semdegnairad ganmartavs: `saxelmwifos mier sxvadasxva dargis sawarmoSi, sawarmoo-sainvesticio<br />
programebsa da sawarmoo-sainvesticio proeqtebSi kapitalis dabandeba, romlis ZiriTadi<br />
mizania qveynis samrewvelo potencialis maqsimaluri efeqtianobiT amoqmedeba da warmoebis<br />
ganviTarebis xelSewyobiT umuSevrobis donis Semcireba~. xolo `sainvesticio saqmianobisa da<br />
xelSewyobisa da garantiebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 1996 wlis kanonis 1-li muxliT: `investiciad<br />
miiCneva yvela saxis qonebrivi da inteleqtualuri faseuloba an ufleba, romelic dabanddeba<br />
da gamoiyeneba SesaZlo mogebis miRebis mizniT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganxorcielebul<br />
samewarmeo saqmianobaSi~. aqve aRsaniSnavia Cveni mosazreba, orive kanonSi `investiciis~ ganmartebasTan<br />
dakavSirebiT, rom radgan orive kanonSi ganmartebulia investiciis cneba da Tan<br />
gansxvavebulad, migvaCnia, rom orive kanonis definicia `investiciis~ Sesaxeb unificirebuli<br />
unda iyos. aqedan gamomdinare, zogjer, usafuZvloa motanil investiciebsa da kapitaldabandebebs<br />
Soris gansxvaveba. migvaCnia, rom es sityvebi sinonimebia.<br />
qonebrivi urTierTobebi, romlebic dakavSirebulia samxedro, radiolokaciuri da misi<br />
msgavsi bazebisa da nagebobebis gamoyenebasTan, romlebsac eqspluatacias uwevs erTi saxelmwifo<br />
meore saxelmwifos teritoriaze, regulirdeba Sesabamisi bazebis statusiT da maTi gamoyenebis<br />
pirobebis samTavrobaTaSoriso SeTanxmebebiT, xSirad eqsteritoriulobis safuZvelze.<br />
magram Cveulebriv saxelmwifos infrastruqturasTan bazebis garduvali kavSiri, sadac isini<br />
imyofebian, moiTxovs anazRaurebis safuZvelze tranzitis, wylisa da energomomaragebis problemebis<br />
aucilebel regulirebas. am dros ganxorcielebuli kapitaldabandebebi saerTaSoriso<br />
urTierTobebis cnebaSi ver Tavsdeba;<br />
meoTxe, samewarmeo mniSvnelobis sakuTrebis dabandeba (SeZena) _ savaWro operaciaa. magram am<br />
rakursSi sainvesticio samarTali ganixileba ara savaWro samarTlis CarCoebSi, aramed rogorc<br />
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