#1(36)'13

marTlmsajuleba
N1
da
kanoni
amaze msjeloba SeiZleba. Tu Cvens kanonmdeblobaSi Camoyalibebul uZravi nivTis cnebas farTod
ganvmartavT, rom uZrav nivTs miekuTveneba miwa da masze aRmocenebuli mcenareebic, TavisTavad
aq tyec igulisxmeba, magram Tu imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom tye Tavis mxriv, didi da farTo
cnebaa, saxelmwifos mniSvnelovani bunebrivi resursia, maSin arsebobs garkveuli samarTlebrivi
da politikuri argumentic, rom is pirdapir iyos miTiTebuli uZravi nivTis cnebaSi.
aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom zogierTi kanoni uZrav nivTs samoqalaqo kodeqsisagan
gansxvavebulad ganmartavs, rac konkretuli kanonis winaSe arsebuli miznebiTaa gamowveuli.
magaliTad, `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni, romlis me-2 muxlis `a~ punqtis
Tanaxmad, uZrav nivTSi igulisxmeba miwis nakveTi masze arsebuli Senoba-nagebobiT an mis gareSe,
Senoba-nageboba (mSenebare, aSenebuli an dangreuli), Senoba-nagebobis erTeuli (mSenebare,
aSenebuli an dangreuli) da xazobrivi nageboba; anu uZravi nivTis am ganmartebaSi ar aris naxsenebi
wiaRiseuli da mcenareuloba, damatebulia xazobrivi nageboba da ufro gaSlilia Senoba
nagebobis, rogorc samarTebrivi kategoriis Sinaarsi. `saxelmwifo qonebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos
kanoni ki, ufro Sors wavida da misi me-5 muxli (`u~ da `u 1 ~ punqtebi) erTmaneTisagan mijnavs
saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebul uZrav nivTs da uZrav qonebas. am kanonis mixedviT, uZravi
nivTi aris saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli uZravi qoneba, sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis
miwa, dasaxlebis teritoriul sazRvrebSi arsebuli tye, daculi landSafti, mravalmxrivi gamoyenebis
teritoria; xolo uZravi qoneba _ saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli arasasoflosameurneo
daniSnulebis miwis nakveTi masze arsebuli Senoba nagebobiT (mSenebare, aSenebuli an
dangreuli) an mis gareSe, Senoba nagebobis erTeuli (mSenebare, aSenebuli an dangreuli), xazobrivi
nageboba, miwaze arsebuli mravalwliani nargavebi. anu uZravi nivTis samoqalaqo kodeqsiseul
ganmartebasTan mimarTebiT, erTgvar kanonismier fiqciebs aqvs adgili, romelTac Sesabamis
administraciul warmoebebSi mxolod teqnikuri da terminologiuri datvirTva aqvT (unda
hqondeT). cxadia es kanonebi (sxva kanonebic, romlebic uZrav nivTebs kanonis winaSe arsebuli
miznebidan gamomdinare ganmartaven) uZravi nivTis axal gagebas ar amkvidreben, magram aman,
garkveulwilad, SeiZleba gaugebrobac gamoiwvios. amdenad, aRniSnuli kanonebic cxadyofs, rom
samoqalaqo kodeqsSi arsebuli uZravi nivTis ganmarteba gadaxedvas da srulyofas saWiroebs.
samoqalaqo kodeqsi aregulirebs ra, kerZosamarTlebriv urTierTobebs da uZravi qonebac
kerZosamarTlebrivi brunvis obieqtia, swored samoqalaqo kodeqsi unda iyos is sakanonmdeblo
aqti, sadac uZravi nivTis cneba amomwuravad Camoyalibebuli unda iyos, rogorc es sxva wamyvani
qveynebis samoqalaqo kodeqsebiTaa gansazRvruli.
uZrav qonebaze saubrisas mniSvnelovania nivTis arsebiTi Semadgeneli nawilis sakiTxi. miwis
nakveTis arsebiT Semadgenel nawilad, Cveni kanonmdebloba miiCnevs Senoba-nagebobebs da nivTebs,
romlebic myaradaa dakavSirebuli miwasTan da ar aris gamiznuli droebiTi sargeblobisaTvis.
arsebiTi Semadgeneli nawili calke uflebis obieqti SeiZleba iyos mxolod kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul
SemTxvevebSi (samoqalaqo kodeqsis 150-e muxli). TavisTavad miwis nakveTis arsebiTi
Semadgeneli nawili uZravi qonebis erTian cnebaSi moiazreba. Tumca, rogorc samoqalaqo kodeqsi
iuwyeba, is SeiZleba calke (anu miwisgan gansxvavebiT sxva piris) uflebis obieqtic iyos. Cveni
kanonmdebloba aseT ramdenime SemTxvevas icnobs. erT erT aseT daSvebas qonda adgili `uZrav
nivTebze uflebaTa registraciis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi. 20 aRniSnuli kanonis me-2 muxlSi
calke uflebis obieqtad miCneuli iyo xazobrivi nageboba an miwis nakveTis arsebiTi Semadgeneli
nawilis sxva Senoba-nageboba (mSenebare an aSenebuli), romelic calke uflebis obieqtia. es
Canaweri ki, iwvevda imas, rom miwis nakveTi (ZiriTadad, arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis)
SeiZleba sxvis sakuTrebaSi yofiliyo (ZiriTadad, es iyo saxelmwifo), xolo Senoba-nageboba _
sxvis sakuTrebaSi, rac did problemebs qmnida praqtikaSi da sasamarTlos samarTalwarmoebaSi.
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