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AFRICAN SYSTEM OF HUMAN RIGHTS PROTECTION MARIAM JIKIA Doctor of Juridical Science In 1998 Organization of African Unity in Burkina Faso established the African Court on Human and Peoples‘ Rights. On this conference 15 states signed additional protocol of Charter. Today there are 24 state members that ratified this document. African system of Human Rights protection is one of the most important international system in this field, thou it still needs to be improved. There is no doubt about the scale of the needs. In the time that has elapsed, countless human rights violations have taken place on the African continents, with minorities and indigenous peoples particularly affected. For imporvement of African System of Human Rights all members of African Unity should sign Charter of Human and Peoples‘ Rights, which rises positive and negative obligations of member states on protection of human rights. According to the statistical data there no applications were claimed to the Court during 10 years. It means that there are lots of things to be done. In spite of abovemnetioned some important steps have been taken: judges have been appointed, rules of procedure have been elaborated and the location for the Court – Arusha in Tanzania – has been established. One of the most important issues is the relationship between the African Commission and African Court. The African Commission is currently the main human rights monitoring body on the continent. However Commission is a quasijudicial body and the states‘ track record of enforcing its decisions has been poor. With stronger political will from states these problems could be overcome. Civil society will continue to play a vital role in further development of this system, but it’s not only their responsibility. States as well are obliged to protect their population as they promised daceda go. 59
marTlmsajuleba N1 da kanoni mediaciis kriminologiuri aspeqtebi mixeil gabunia samarTlis doqtori, kriminologi, saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis asocirebuli profesori Tamar beriZe saqarTvelos teqnikuri universitetis asocirebuli profesori Sesavali gasuli saukunis 70-iani wlebidan, inglisurma kriminologiam savsebiT ugulebelyo sasjelis saxiT samarTlianobis aRdgenis, axali danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis da damnaSavis resocializaciis idea. mcdarad miiCnies Sexeduleba, romlis Tanaxmadac, sasjels aRiqvamdnen, rogorc danaSaulebrivi qcevis Sedegad dar- Rveuli balansis aRdgenas. danaSauloba socialuri movlenaa, aqedan gamomdinare, misi Tavidan acilebisaTvis, mniSvnelovania ganxorcieldes politikuri, socialur-ekonomikuri, ideologiuri, kulturuli Ronis- Ziebebi, xolo sasjeli unda asrulebdes ZiriTadad, prevenciul rols. kriminologiaSi mecnierulad dasabuTebulia, rom adamianis patimrobaSi yofna 10 welze meti xniT iwvevs misi fsiqikis Seuqcevad cvlilebas. 1 faqtia da aRniSvnis Rirsia, rom TviT sab- WoTa kavSiris pirobebSi sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis saxiT sasjelis maqsimaluri vada gaTvaliswinebuli iyo 15 wliT. profesori m. n. gerneti Tavisi moRvaweobis periodSi, mivida daskvnamde, rom cixe aris kriminaluri profesionalizaciis adgili da ara resocializaciis dawesebuleba. 2 tradiciuli sasjelis krizisma ganapiroba is garemoeba, rom evropisa da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis samecniero wreebSi aqtiurad daiwyes fiqri sasjelis alternatiuli RonisZiebebis 60
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