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misi tanjvis Semsubuqeba~ (saqarTvelos kanoni `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~, me-5 muxli, à~ qvepunqti.) kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli normebis miuxedavad, saeqimo saqmianobis gamwevi garkveul SemTxvevaSi, ar asrulebs misTvis metad sapasuxismgeblo valdebulebebs da Sedegad viRebT iseTi uflebebis darRvevas, romelic exeba adamianis sicocxles, janmrTelobasa da konstituciiT garantirebul sxva uflebebs. rodesac vsaubrobT pacientisa da eqimis urTierTobaze, aucilebelia, gavmijnoT is ZiriTadi ufleba-movaleobebi, romelic TiToeul maTgans akisria da risi Sesrulebac savaldebuloa kanoniT dadgenili ZaliT Tu ubralod, moraluri TvalsazrisiT. aRniSnuli sakiTxebis garkvevis saSualebas, mraval normatiul aqtTan erTad, gvaZlevs saqarTvelos kanonebi `pacientis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ da `saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~, romlebSic ZiriTadad, asaxulia pacientisa da eqimis ufleba-movaleobebi. 1. janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba da samedicino momsaxurebaze xelmisawvdomoba saqarTvelos yvela moqalaqes da aseve, saqarTveloSi myof ucxoels da moqalaqeobis armqone pirs ufleba aqvs samedicino momsaxurebis yvela gamwevisagan miiRos qveyanaSi arsebuli da danergili profesiuli da samomsaxureo standartebis Sesabamisi samedicino momsaxureba. ufleba janmrTelobaze aRiarebulia da daculia saqarTvelos konstituciiTa da moqmedi kanonebiT. 1. „yvelas aqvs ufleba, isargeblos janmrTelobis dazRveviT, rogorc xelmisawvdomi samedicino daxmarebis saSualebiT. kanoniT dadgenili wesiT, gansazRvrul pirobebSi, uzrunvelyofilia ufaso samedicino daxmareba. 2. saxelmwifo akontrolebs janmrTelobis dacvis yvela dawesebulebas, samkurnalo saSualebaTa warmoebas da am saSualebebiT vaWrobas~ (saqarTvelos konstituciis 37-e muxlis 1-li da me-2 nawili). aqve aRsaniSnavia, rom yovlad dauSvebelia pacientis diskriminacia rasis, kanis feris, enis, sqesis, genetikuri memkvidreobis, rwmenisa da aRmsareblobis, politikuri da sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri da socialuri kuTvnilebis, warmoSobis, qonebrivi da wodebrivi mdgomareobis, sacxovrebeli adgilis, seqsualuri orientaciis an piraduli uaryofiTi ganwyobis gamo (kanoni `pacientTa uflebebis Sesaxeb~, muxli. 6). diskriminaciis akrZalva sacxovrebeli adgilis mixedviT, niSnavs, rom samedicino momsaxurebiT sargebloba SeuZliaT rogorc saqarTveloSi mcxovreb pirebs aseve, saqarTveloSi mudmivad an droebiT myof ucxoelebs, devnilebs, ltolvilebs. daavadebis mixedviT, diskriminaciis dauSvebloba gulisxmobs, rom janmrTel da daavadebul adamians Tanabrad SeuZlia isargeblos saxelmwifoSi arsebuli jandacvis sistemiT. magaliTad, „SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebi sargebloben yvela samedicino momsaxurebis gamwev dawesebulebaTa momsaxurebiT; ar SeiZleba aiv/SidsiT daavadebulTa diskriminacia samedicino momsaxurebis dros. dauSvebelia, eTnikur an religiur umciresobaTa warmomadgenlebs uari eTqvaT samedicino momsaxurebaze. dauSvebelia diskriminacia maSinac, roca arsebobs samedicino momsaxurebisaTvis saWiro adamianTa, teqnikuri, finansuri an/da sxva resuresebis deficiti. am dros, potenciuri pacientis SerCeva xdeba mxolod samedicino kriteriumebiT, sxva faqtorebis gauTvaliswineblad, anu dauSvebelia pacientis diskriminacia.~ 1 janmrTelobis uflebiT sargebloba moicavs samedicino momsaxurebis Tanabrad xelmisawvdomobas, romelic xorcieldeba saxelmwifo samedicino programebis saSualebiT. aqve mniSvnelovania, SevexoT pacientis uflebas samedicino momsaxurebaze, romlis ganxorcieleba unda moxdes gadaudeblad, raTa ar dainvaliddes, gardaicvalos an mniSvnelovnad ar Seeryes janmrTeloba pacients. Tu, am SemTxvevebSi, samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevs (klinikas, samSobiaros da stomatologiur ganyofilebas da sxva saxis samedicino dawesebulebas) ar gaaCnia SesaZleb- 135
marTlmsajuleba N1 da kanoni loba aRmouCinos pacients saWiro daxmareba, igi valdebulia pacients an mis naTesavs, an kanonier warmomadgenels miawodos sruli amomwuravi informacia, Tu sad SeiZleba ganxorcieldes samedicino momsaxureba. „samedicino momsaxurebis gamwevs ufleba ara aqvs, ar aRmouCinos gadaudebeli samedicino daxmareba im pirs, romelic SesaZlebelia, samedicino daxmarebis aRmoCenis gareSe mokvdes, dainvaliddes an misi janmrTelobis mdgomareoba mniSvnelovnad gauaresdes. es valdebuleba, samedicino personalis profesiuli movaleobebidan gamomdinareobs da agreTve, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 130-e muxlidan, romelic iTvaliswinebs sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobas, pacientis gansacdelSi mitovebisaTvis~. 2 Cveni azriT, „gansacdelSi mitovebis~ mizezi ZiriTadad, daudevrobiT an araprofesionalizmiT aris gamowveuli, sadac moraluri mxarec iCens Tavs da ara pirdapiri ganzraxviT. mocemul SemTxvevebSi, amoqmedebas iwyebs aseve, saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli normebi, romlis saSualebiTac dazaralebul pirs ufleba eZleva sasamarTlos wesiT moiTxovos miyenebuli moraluri da materialuri zianis anazRaureba. „samedicino momsaxureba xelmisawvdomi unda gaxdes yvelasaTvis. samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba xorcieldeba saxelmwifo samedicino programebis saSualebiT, rac gulisxmobs, rom pacienti Tavisi socialuri statusiT, an daavadebis diagnoziT, an asakobrivi programis, an momsaxurebis formis mixedviT, miiRebs saxelmwifos mier gansazRvrul momsaxurebas, Sesabamisi programebis farglebSi. TviT samedicino momsaxureba ganisazRvreba samomxmareblo standartiT.~ 3 samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomoba gulisxmobs sam sxvadasxva elements, esenia: informaciuli xelmisawvdomoba, geografiuli xelmisawvdomoba da finansuri xelmisawvdomoba. aRniSnuli elementebis arsebobas didi mniSvneloba aqvs samedicino saqmianobisaTvis, vinaidan erT-erTi elementis ararsebobac ki, safrTxes Seuqmnis jandacvis sistemis normalur da xSir SemTxvevaSi, droul funqcionirebas. zemoT ganxiluli daTqmebidan gamomdinare, naTeli xdeba, Tu ra uflebebiT sargeblobs saqarTvelos teritoriaze myofi nebismieri pacienti da rogor uzrunvelyofs samedicino momsaxurebis xelmisawvdomobas saxelmwifo, magram ra Tqma unda, es sakmarisi ar aris imisaTvis, rom daculi iyos pacientTa uflebebi da ar moxdes miniWebul uflebaTa darRveva, am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, eqimis mier. amis Tqmis saSualebas gvaZlevs mTeli rigi darRvevebi, romlebic xSirad iCens Tavs yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi da romlebic aisaxeba sasamarTlo davebis sixSireze saerTo sasamarTloebSi. 2. pacientis individualuri da koleqtiuri uflebebi pacientis uflebebi Sedgeba individualuri da koleqtiuri uflebebisagan. koleqtiur uflebebSi igulisxmeba samedicino momsaxurebis miRebis procesSi TiToeuli moqalaqis pirovnuli interesebis, kerZod, misi avtonomiis, Rirsebis pativiscema, ojaxur Tu socialur mdgomareobasTan dakavSirebuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. individualur uflebebSi moiazreba: informaciis miRebis ufleba; informirebuli Tanxmoba; piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxebloba; meore azris moZiebis ufleba; samedicino personalisa da samedicino dawesebulebebis arCevis ufleba. saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba, romelic Seicavs pacientTa uflebaTa Sesaxeb debulebebs, efuZneba pacientis uflebaTa qartias, aseve, saerTaSoriso dokumentebs da deklaraciebs, romlebic miRebul iqna jandacvis msoflio organizaciisa da evrosabWos mier. evrosabWos dokumentebis debulebebisa da pacientis uflebaTa qartiis gaTvaliswinebiT, mniSvnelovnad daixvewa pacientis uflebebi da Tavis mxriv, dadebiTi gavlena iqonia jandacvis sxvadasxva sferoSi arsebul sakiTxebze (magaliTad, konvencia `biomedicinisa da adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb~ (1997 w.) da misi damatebiTi oqmebis àdamianis klonirebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb~ (1998 w.); àdamianis organoebisa da qsovilebis gadanergvis Sesaxeb~ ( 2001 w.); `biosamedicino kvlevebis Sesaxeb~ (2005 w.)). 4 1<strong>36</strong>
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