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35754-Revista FCDEF - Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do ...

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liza<strong>do</strong>s (ví<strong>de</strong>o, visualização mental) e <strong>do</strong> tempo (horas, sessões).<br />

A prática orienta<strong>da</strong> a<strong>de</strong>qua<strong>da</strong>mente leva ao aumento <strong>da</strong>s<br />

representações em memória, passan<strong>do</strong> o atleta a ter um conhecimento<br />

mais aprofun<strong>da</strong><strong>do</strong> <strong>da</strong>s situações.<br />

Assim, o treina<strong>do</strong>r <strong>de</strong>ver ter em conta esta situação e ir preparan<strong>do</strong><br />

os seus atletas neste senti<strong>do</strong>, orientan<strong>do</strong> a prática para<br />

atingir este objectivo.<br />

5. Sumário<br />

Procuramos, basea<strong>do</strong>s na literatura, reflectir sobre os mecanismos<br />

perceptivos e cognitivos subjacentes à captação <strong>da</strong> informação<br />

pertinente, que possibilita a posterior toma<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>cisão.<br />

Foi evi<strong>de</strong>ncia<strong>do</strong> que os experts no <strong>de</strong>sporto, em geral, se<br />

diferenciam claramente na captação <strong>da</strong> informação, com estratégias<br />

focaliza<strong>da</strong>s no contexto, por oposição aos principiantes<br />

que se focalizam na memória (instruções), o que lhes possibilita<br />

a toma<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>cisões tácticas em consonância com os seus<br />

objectivos, evi<strong>de</strong>ncian<strong>do</strong> maior eficácia.<br />

Está, igualmente, bem <strong>do</strong>cumenta<strong>do</strong> na literatura que a utilização<br />

<strong>de</strong> prática simula<strong>da</strong> po<strong>de</strong> ser muito útil no <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

<strong>da</strong>s habili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s perceptivas e cognitivas, nomea<strong>da</strong>mente<br />

quan<strong>do</strong> a simulação é acompanha<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> instruções específicas e<br />

<strong>de</strong> feedback. É, também, claro que a prática para surtir os efeitos<br />

pretendi<strong>do</strong>s não po<strong>de</strong> ficar-se pela quanti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> mas preocuparse,<br />

fun<strong>da</strong>mentalmente, com a quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ssa mesma prática.<br />

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