Civil Engineering Project Management (4th Edition)

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Site surveys, investigations and layout 139 not seriously disrupt the surface. In most cases roads have to be designed for haulage trucks, which can impose heavy wheel loads when laden. Roads for them must be of adequate thickness, suitably topped (or constantly regraded) to prevent rutting and ponding, and well drained. Any attempt to save money by building an access road of inadequate thickness, without proper drainage ditches either side and a surface kept to a camber to shed rainwater, is a false economy. It will quickly break up and cause repeated delay to the job. Flat tracked machines can pass occasionally over metalled, waterbound, or sprayed and chipped roads without causing much damage. Machines with gripped tracks, such as large dozers, will quickly break up the surface of any road. The consequence of the foregoing is that internal roads on site have to be designed according to the anticipated usage of them. For maximum output from motorized scrapers it is important that haulage roads should have easy gradients. Laden haulage trucks are also frequently slow on steep gradients, both uphill and downhill. Mud is a particular nuisance when trucks have to go on public roads; frequent cleaning of the road and hosing of traffic leaving the site will be needed if public objection is to be avoided. Planning bulk excavation The order in which an excavation is to be undertaken has to be planned. The excavating machine must be able to work to its maximum capacity attended by a continuous flow of dump trucks in and out. As bulk excavation proceeds, formation trimming and minor excavation will follow, then the placing of fill or concrete. For speed of execution these follow-on operations will need to be started before the bulk excavation is completed. Hence the excavation must be planned in such a manner that the different operations carried on simultaneously do not interfere with each other, and that excavating machines can withdraw without difficulty after their work is completed. Concrete production plant This needs to be positioned to give easy delivery to the parts of the work where the main concrete is required. Delivery lorries to the stockpiles of aggregates should preferably not follow the same routes as muck-shifting plant, or they will pick up mud and track it into the aggregate bays. The bays should have concrete floors laid to a fall so the aggregate can drain. Power generators and compressors These may need to be housed, even if mobile, because their noise can create a nuisance to local residents. Their siting should be such that the noise they
140 Civil Engineering Project Management create is ‘blanked off’ from any residences. Even though the noise from a construction site may be ‘music to the ears’ of a civil engineer who likes to hear the job ‘humming along’, the public at large take a diametrically opposite view. Authorization of night working may be difficult to obtain if attention is not paid to reducing noise as much as possible. Extra land Extra land outside the site or extra access to the site can be obtained by the contractor if he so desires, provided it is not disallowed under the contract, and the contractor gets the necessary permissions, wayleaves, etc. and bears all costs involved. Main offices The contractor’s main offices and stores need to be near the site entrance. Most vehicles carrying materials to site must stop at the checker’s office, and it is convenient to have this near the agent’s offices and the stores. The resident engineer’s office should not be far away from the agent’s offices, so that easy communication is maintained at all staff levels, and there is economy in providing telephone, heating, lighting and sewerage. 12.13 Temporary works Temporary works are mostly designed by the contractor, but the resident engineer will need to review the design because of the safety responsibility also held by the engineer (see Sections 10.2 and 10.3). On a large project the temporary works may comprise major structures such as caissons, cofferdams, river diversion works, sheet piling, access bridges, etc. Designs for such structures will normally have to be forwarded to the engineer for his consent, though the resident engineer should apply his site checks first so that he can draw the engineer’s attention to any matters of doubt seen on site. 12.14 Work in public roads Under the New Roads and Street Works Act 1991 (applying to England, Wales and Scotland) a street works licence has to be obtained from the relevant highway authority before any work to install, maintain or alter apparatus in the highway is permitted, except emergency work. The ICE Conditions of
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Civil Engineering Project Managemen
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Civil Engineering Project Managemen
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Contents Preface xiii Acknowledgeme
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Contents vii 4.3 Conditions publish
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Contents ix 10.3 The Health and Saf
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Contents xi 15.4 Problems with clas
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Preface Most civil engineering cons
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1 The development of construction p
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The great majority of all civil eng
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and takes over ownership of them at
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The development of construction pro
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supported by the DETR’s 7 Constru
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advantage is that a contractor who
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civil engineering, incorrect or ins
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The development of construction pro
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2 Procedures for design and constru
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2.3 Options for design The followin
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utilities in the UK continued to us
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Some plant suppliers, however, will
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• The promoter may need to employ
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given period of a year or longer. T
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3 Payment arrangements, risks and p
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(c) Lump sum contracts Payment arra
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inflation of prices after he has te
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Payment arrangements, risks and pro
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Payment arrangements, risks and pro
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if not, to make some deletion to re
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Contract conditions used for civil
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D&C contracts are often used when t
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4.3 Conditions published by the Int
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authorities. A range of standard fo
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Contract conditions used for civil
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5.2 Roles of the key participants i
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Preparing contract documents 53 the
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Preparing contract documents 55 mat
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work. Some methods may need to be s
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personnel may also be included. Thi
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Preparing contract documents 61 hen
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Preparing contract documents 63 ‘
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invited to bid for the project. Con
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Tendering 67 If pre-qualification i
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construction, so that they can plan
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e avoided because they can provide
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corrected. Where this results in an
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6.8 Choosing a tender Tendering 75
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Tendering 77 • an intent that the
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Appendix: UK Regulations UK Statuto
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execution of the contract, but he d
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of formwork carpenters, steel erect
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The contractor’s site organizatio
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The contractor’s site organizatio
Page 104 and 105: 8.1 Introduction 8 The employer and
Page 106 and 107: 8.3 A note on alternative provision
Page 108 and 109: further drawings the contractor nee
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Page 116 and 117: need to go carefully at first so th
Page 122 and 123: 10 Health and safety regulations 10
Page 124 and 125: Health and safety regulations 109 N
Page 126 and 127: 10.5 Training As part of the drive
Page 128 and 129: should be evaluated. This is a new
Page 130 and 131: 10.9 The Construction (Health, Safe
Page 132 and 133: Health and safety regulations 117 C
Page 134 and 135: enable first aid to be given to emp
Page 136 and 137: • The programme for construction
Page 138 and 139: • rainfall and runoff data; • d
Page 140 and 141: Starting the construction work 125
Page 142 and 143: Starting the construction work 127
Page 144 and 145: 12.2 Levelling Site surveys, invest
Page 146 and 147: each floor. Alternatively an optica
Page 148 and 149: instance, it will have to be starte
Page 150 and 151: Percussion drilling Site surveys, i
Page 152 and 153: For grading analyses of soils 4. A
Page 156 and 157: Contract state that the employer wi
Page 158 and 159: The drainage of clay or clay and si
Page 160 and 161: General files (Series 1-9) The resi
Page 162 and 163: If an instruction does not vary the
Page 164 and 165: The resident engineer’s office re
Page 168 and 169: 13.8 Authorization of dayworks The
Page 172 and 173: with the engineer. If the decision
Page 174 and 175: Fig. 13.7. A page of a pipe stock b
Page 178 and 179: in red on a copy of the contract dr
Page 180 and 181: 14 Programme and progress charts 14
Page 182 and 183: how any consequential delay to the
Page 184 and 185: Description EXC. & filling soil str
Page 186 and 187: Programme and progress charts 171 d
Page 188 and 189: Height A.O.D. 200m 100m Pumping sta
Page 190 and 191: success leads to another. By experi
Page 192 and 193: Table 14.1 Estimated Final Cost of
Page 194 and 195: Measurement and bills of quantities
Page 196 and 197: ‘Painting items N1-N13 after erec
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Measurement and bills of quantities
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a tender is in the tenderer’s han
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Measurement and bills of quantities
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other tenderers, etc., the contract
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Interim monthly payments 197 28 day
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Interim monthly payments 199 paid t
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Interim monthly payments 201 into d
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or for which contractual dates for
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Interim monthly payments 205 the co
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Variations and claims 207 reaching
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Variations and claims 209 Extensive
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The problem of setting rates for ne
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Variations and claims 213 that the
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costs. The problem is that borings
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17.10 Delay claims Variations and c
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Variations and claims 219 Some othe
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concerning a contractor’s claim,
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17.16 Arbitration Under the ICE con
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18 Earthworks and pipelines 18.1 Ex
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The grab has a low output rate, but
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match the timing of empty vehicles
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are then more clearly revealed. The
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minimum rise or fall. The preferred
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Earthworks and pipelines 235 The cr
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Table 19.1 Site concreting and rein
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Site concreting and reinforcement 2
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eason, the contractor has to take s
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Acceptance of tender 76 ACE (Assn.
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Design options 24 et seq. Design an
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One stop shop 15 Opening tenders 71
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Time schedule of key dates 168 Tran
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Plate 2a. An early use of a large t
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Plate 4a. Rollers compacting side s
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Plate 6b. Steel piling sometimes do
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Plate 8a. Presumably somebody thoug
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Plate 10a. It is almost universal t
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Plate 12a. On any job not properly
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Plate 14a. The typical fluidity of
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Plate 16a. If reinforcement is not
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