ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS - Brit - Botanical Research ...

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FIG.7/WIFS (WIDE FIELD SENSOR) SATELLITE IMAGE OF TEXAS.IMAGERY COURTESY OF SPACE IMAGING. GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF EAST TEXAS/INTRODUCTION 9 Likewise, there are now widespread areas of cedar brakes (Juniperus spp.) and other thickets that have developed after fire suppression was imposed.The square miles/kilometers considered to be in each of the three major vegetational areas, the Pineywoods (24,400 square miles/63,200 square kilometers), the Post Oak Savannah including the Red River Area (20,600 square miles/53,400 square kilometers), and the Blackland Prairie (17,600 square miles/45,600 square kilometers) were calculated using detailed map data from Glenn Griffith (pers. comm.; see also Fig. 5). Some correspondence to the vegetational areas outlined here can even be seen in modern satellite maps (Fig. 7). For example, a band corresponding to the Blackland Prairie can approximately be recognized. In virtually any geographic region, the “typical” habitat is modified by microclimates and migration corridors provided by major rivers (Figs. 8, 9), any unusual levels of precipitation, and any specialized geologic features. These modifiers allow the occurrence of species not otherwise typical of that particular region. While these species may be neither abundant nor widespread, they are important biogeographically, in some cases providing important information about the botanical history of an area. If the occurrence of such a species is at the margin of its range, it may serve as an ecological indicator, possibly providing information in the future on important issues such as climate change or habitat alteration. The East Texas flora has many such examples. Numerous predominantly eastern species are limited in East Texas to the very eastern portion of the Pineywoods where precipitation levels average nearly 60 inches (152.4 cm) per year. In some cases plants are confined to only one or two counties (e.g., Jasper and Newton). An analogous situation occurs
10 INTRODUCTION/MAJOR RIVERS OF EAST TEXAS Wilbarger Wichita Baylor Archer ■ WICHITA FALLS Clay Throckmorton Shackelford Coleman Kimble Callahan McCulloch Mason Kerr Bandera Medina Frio Brown RED RIVER WICHI TA RIVER B RAZOS RIVER C LEAR FOR K Stephens Eastland Comanche San Saba Young Mills COLORADO RIVER S AN SABA RIVER LLANO RIVER Llano Jack Erath Gillespie Blanco Kendall Palo Pinto Comal Bexar SAN ANTONIO ■ MEDIN A RIVER FRIO RIVER Atascosa La Salle McMullen Lampasas Hamilton Burnet Hays 0 0 Montague WEST FORK TRINITY RIVER LEON RIVER LAMPASAS RIVER Parker Hood Bosque Coryell Wise CLEAR FORK Guadalupe Wilson Somervell BO S QUE RIVER Bell Williamson Cooke Grayson ■ SHERMAN Denton Collin Johnson Ellis Hill Falls Milam Travis Lee ■AUSTIN Bastrop Gonzales Karnes 50 100 150 200 Kilometers 50 100 Miles McLennan Caldwell Dewitt ■ WACO TEMPLE ■ SAN GABRIEL RIVER BLANCO & SA N MARC OS RIVERS GUADALUPE RIVER SAN ANTONIO RIVER ELM FORK Goliad Lavaca Fayette Victoria Live Oak Bee Refugio Oklahoma Tarrant Dallas DALLAS ■ FT. WORTH ■ Limestone Rockwall Navarro Robertson Burleson Kaufman Fannin Washington Colorado Calhoun TRINITY RIVER NAVASOTA RIVER BRAZOS RIVER LITTLE RIVER COLORADO RIVER LAVACA RIVER Jackson Hunt Freestone Brazos BRYAN ■ SOU T H Austin Wharton NORTH Leon Waller Rains Grimes Lamar ■ PARIS Delta Van Zandt Henderson Madison Hopkins SABINE RIVER FIG.8/MAJOR RIVERS OF EAST TEXAS.FIGURE PRODUCED BY BRIT/AUSTIN COLLEGE; REPRODUCTION OF THIS IMAGE DOES NOT REQUIRE COPYRIGHT PERMISSION. EAST FORK Anderson Fort Bend Matagorda Wood Franklin TYLER ■ Smith Houston HUNTSVILLE ■ Walker Montgomery Harris RED RIVER Red River SULPHUR RIVER NECHES RIVER Titus Camp Cherokee S AN JACINTO RIVER BRAZOS RIVER Upshur Trinity Gregg San Jacinto HOUSTON ■ Brazoria Rusk Nacogdoches Polk Galveston Morris N Liberty Bowie ■ TEXARKANA Angelina Cass Marion BIG CYPRESS Harrison Panola NACOGDOCHES ■ ANGELINA RIVER TRINITY RIVER NECHES RIVER Tyler Hardin Chambers ■ GALVESTON Gulf of Mexico Arkansas Shelby San Augustine Jasper Louisiana Sabine Newton Orange BEAUMONT Jefferson PORT ■ ARTHUR ■ AREA OF ENLARGEMENT
Page 1 and 2: ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS
Page 3 and 4: ALLDREDGE, LINDA & JACK BATTERBAE,
Page 5 and 6: We would like to recognize and expr
Page 7 and 8: ISSN 0833-1475 ISBN 1-889878-12-X S
Page 9 and 10: “DEEP EAST TEXAS IS AN OLD, QUIET
Page 11 and 12: Elray S. Nixon E lray Nixon was bor
Page 13 and 14: ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS TAB
Page 15 and 16: TABLE OFCONTENTS/ PAGE APPENDICES A
Page 17 and 18: Hymenocallis liriosme
Page 19 and 20: ILLUSTRATED FLORA OF EAST TEXAS OVE
Page 21 and 22: 4 INTRODUCTION/GEOGRAPHIC AREA OF E
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Page 33 and 34: 16 INTRODUCTION/GUIDE TO SOURCES OF
Page 35 and 36: 18 INTRODUCTION/GUIDE TO GEOGRAPHIC
Page 37 and 38: 20 INTRODUCTION/GUIDE TO ENDANGERED
Page 39 and 40: 22 INTRODUCTION/GUIDE TO GLOSSARY,
Page 41 and 42: 24 INTRODUCTION/GUIDE TO ABBREVIATI
Page 43 and 44: 26 INTRODUCTION/SUMMARY DATA ON FLO
Page 45 and 46: 28 INTRODUCTION/ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Kar
Page 47 and 48: 30 INTRODUCTION/AUTHORS’ NOTE Pre
Page 49 and 50: 32 INTRODUCTION/GENERAL GEOLOGY OF
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Page 65 and 66: 48 INTRODUCTION/SOILS, EAST TEXAS B
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60 INTRODUCTION/SOILS OF BLACKLAND
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66 INTRODUCTION/CLIMATE OF EAST TEX
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Forests define East Texas, and to a
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78 INTRODUCTION/GEOLOGY OF PINEYWOO
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80 INTRODUCTION/PRESETTLEMENT, EARL
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88 INTRODUCTION/PRESETTLEMENT VEGET
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90 INTRODUCTION/CURRENT VEGETATION
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106 INTRODUCTION/POST OAK SAVANNAH
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110 INTRODUCTION/GEOLOGY AND SOILS
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112 INTRODUCTION/SOILS, FIRE, AND T
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114 INTRODUCTION/SOILS, FIRE, AND T
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116 INTRODUCTION/ PRESETTLEMENT, EA
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118 INTRODUCTION/VEGETATION OF POST
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124 INTRODUCTION/CONDITIONS TODAY O
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128 INTRODUCTION/RED RIVER AREA are
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130 INTRODUCTION/BLACKLAND PRAIRIE
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132 INTRODUCTION/GEOLOGY OF BLACKLA
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134 INTRODUCTION/PRESETTLEMENT AND
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144 INTRODUCTION/VEGETATION OF BLAC
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146 INTRODUCTION/FUTURE OF BLACKLAN
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148 INTRODUCTION/FUTURE OF BLACKLAN
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150 INTRODUCTION/CADDO LAKE LOCATIO
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152 INTRODUCTION/CADDO LAKE FIG.84/
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154 INTRODUCTION/PRESENT AND FUTURE
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156 INTRODUCTION/BIG THICKET THE BI
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158 INTRODUCTION/BIG THICKET GEOGRA
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160 INTRODUCTION/NATURAL HISTORY OF
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172 INTRODUCTION/SUMMARY DEFINITION
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190 INTRODUCTION/CONSERVATION IN BI
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200 INTRODUCTION/ORIGIN AND DIVERSI
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244 INTRODUCTION/BOTANY IN NORTH CE
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246 INTRODUCTION/BOTANY IN NORTH CE
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248 INTRODUCTION/BOTANY AT UNIVERSI
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250 INTRODUCTION/BOTANY AT TEXAS A&
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252 INTRODUCTION/BOTANY AT TEXAS A&
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254 INTRODUCTION/OTHER CONTRIBUTION
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256 INTRODUCTION/CURRENT BOTANICAL
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258 INTRODUCTION/BOTANICAL ART IN E
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