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PE2379 ch05.qxd 24/1/02 16:06 Page 374<br />

open class<br />

similar stages to those which a language has gone through in its historical<br />

development. In other words, they are interested in the famous question<br />

whether ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny.<br />

open class n<br />

also open set<br />

a group <strong>of</strong> words (a WORD CLASS), which contains an unlimited number <strong>of</strong><br />

items.<br />

Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are open-class words. New words<br />

can be added to these classes, e.g. laser, e-commerce, chatroom.<br />

The word classes conjunctions, prepositions, and pronouns consist <strong>of</strong><br />

relatively few words, and new words are not usually added to them.<br />

These are called closed classes, or closed sets.<br />

open-ended question n<br />

a TEST ITEM which allows the person taking the test to answer in his or<br />

her own way, in contrast to questions with limited multiple-choice<br />

possibilities.<br />

open-ended response n<br />

see TEST ITEM<br />

open learning n<br />

also open education<br />

a system for educating adults where normal restrictions on entry to adult<br />

education are removed and where learners receive recognition for previous<br />

experience. Courses are organized flexibly according to the students<br />

needs. A number <strong>of</strong> features distinguish open learning:<br />

a greater accessibility to education than with traditional courses, including<br />

accessibility in terms <strong>of</strong> academic background, age, time required,<br />

physical location and time constraints<br />

b flexibility in terms <strong>of</strong> course structure and delivery with a considerable<br />

degree <strong>of</strong> learner control over pacing, contents, structure and means <strong>of</strong><br />

assessment<br />

c a variety <strong>of</strong> means <strong>of</strong> support and <strong>of</strong> study<br />

In open learning individuals are encouraged to take responsibility for the<br />

direction, content, and process <strong>of</strong> their own learning.<br />

open set n<br />

another term for OPEN CLASS<br />

open syllable n<br />

see SYLLABLE<br />

374

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