Longman Dictionary of

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substantive
would be considered by some people as substandard. A more neutral term
used by linguists for forms which do not belong to the standard variety of
a language is NONSTANDARD.
substantive n
a term sometimes used for a NOUN or any word which can function as a
noun, such as a pronoun, an adjective (e.g. in the old), a GERUND, etc.
substantive universal n
see LANGUAGE UNIVERSAL
substitution n
an ERROR in which the learner substitutes a form from one language
(usually the learner’s first language) for a form in the TARGET LANGUAGE 1
For example a French speaker may say “I’ll be leaving demain” instead
of “I’ll be leaving tomorrow”.
substitution drill n
see DRILL
substitution table n
(in language teaching) a table which shows the items that may be substituted
at different positions in a sentence. A substitution table can be used
to produce many different sentences by making different combinations of
items. For example:
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The post office is behind the park.
The bank near the hotel.
The supermarket across from the station.
Substitution tables were widely used in older teaching methods such as
Situational Language Teaching.
substrate language n
see SUBSTRATUM LANGUAGE
substratum influence n
the influence of a speaker’s original language on the acquisition of another
language, whether taught formally or acquired informally (as in the case
of PIDGIN languages). The influence may be on pronunciation, sentence
structures, vocabulary or various aspects of COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE.
For example, it is common in a number of ESL varieties to use the verbs