Longman Dictionary of

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turn-taking are studied in CONVERSATIONAL
ANALYSIS
see also SEQUENCING
ANALYSIS and DISCOURSE
1
TWE n
an abbreviation for TEST OF WRITTEN ENGLISH
two parameter model n
see ITEM RESPONSE THEORY
type
two-tailed test n
also non-directional hypothesis
a type of statistical hypothesis test that is appropriately chosen where –
based on previous studies – no direction of an effect, such as a difference
or correlation, is specified in advance (e.g., There will be a significant difference
in vocabulary recognition scores between the experimental and
control groups).
two-way immersion education n
a type of mainly US bilingual education in which students learn through
two languages in programmes that aim to develop dual language proficiency
along with academic achievement. Both minority and Englishspeaking
students acquire a second language. Instruction is provided both
through the L1 of the minority students and through English. Such programmes
integrate language minority and language majority students and
provide content area instruction as well as language development in two
languages. Students from the 2 language backgrounds are in each class
and they are integrated for most or all of their content instruction.
type n
In linguistics, a distinction is sometimes made between classes of linguistic
items (e.g. PHONEMEs, WORDs, UTTERANCEs) and actual occurrences in speech
or writing of examples of such classes. The class of linguistic units is called
a type and examples or individual members of the class are called tokens.
For example, hello, hi, good morning are three different tokens of the
type “Greeting”.
In MATHEMATICAL LINGUISTICS the total number of words in a text may be
referred to as the number of text tokens, and the number of different
words as the number of text types. The ratio of different words in a text
to total words in the text is known as the LEXICAL DENSITY or Type-Token
Ratio for that text.
see also LEXICAL DENSITY
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