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GRANT OF PRIVILEGE AND PERMISSION TO PRINT<br />

The first was Nicole Bohier or Boyer, licentiate in canon and civil law, who<br />

was a member of the Grand Conseil (CH 1509, i). The second was to Jean<br />

Lemaire de Beiges, the most famous French-language author of the period,<br />

who was about to enter the service of the queen of France as her historiogra-<br />

pher (CH 1509, 2). The privilege obtained by the Paris publisher Jean Petit<br />

for a group of scholarly books, notably sources for the history of France<br />

(CH 1512, i), could have been readily given in consideration of the active<br />

part taken in promoting the series by Guillaume Petit, bishop of Senlis, the<br />

king's confessor and Inquisitor of France: a magnificent copy of one of them,<br />

presented to the king, is extant in the Bibliotheque Nationale (BN Velins<br />

2725) with Guillaume Petit's inscription recording that he had caused it<br />

and other volumes to be printed. About such applications there can have<br />

been little heart-searching in the chancery.<br />

Nevertheless the majority of Letters Patent of which we possess the com-<br />

plete text reflect applications which sought permission in some form or other.<br />

It is true that, while petitions for royal privileges tended to begin by asking<br />

for permission to print a particular book, the emphasis is often on per-<br />

mission to be the only person to print it for a space of time, e.g.<br />

'II feroit<br />

voulentiers imprimer ledit livre, luy seul et non autre, jusques a tel temps<br />

qu'il nous plaira, si nostre plaisir estoit luy donner conge et licence de ce<br />

faire' (CH 1508, i); 'nous a humblement requis permettre audit Vincent<br />

que luy seul et non aultre puisse imprimer et reimprimer lesdictz livres'<br />

(CH 1509, i); 'luy permettre que luy seul et non aultre puisse imprimer ou<br />

reimprimer ledit euvre jusques a tel temps qu'il nous plaira' (CH 1514, 4).<br />

Doubt or fear whether the new work should be published at all without royal<br />

permission is however frequently expressed by applicants, e.g. '[Mais] il<br />

double qu'il ne peust ou osast ce faire sans noz conge et licence' (CH 1509,<br />

2); 'ne 1'oseroit faire imprimer sans noz conge, licence et permission'<br />

(CH 1513, 3); 'il double qu'il ne peult ou osast faire imprimer sans nostre<br />

'il n'oser-<br />

congie ou licence . . . une translation par luy faicte' (CH 1522, 5);<br />

oit ce faire sans noz conge et vouloir et aussi pour double que, apres qu'il les<br />

auroit faicl imprimer, aucuns libraires voulsissenl faire le semblable'<br />

(CH 1519, 5). Many applicants did not explicilly ask for permission: ihey<br />

preferred lo sel oul iheir case and ihen requesl ihe royal proleclion and<br />

grace, e.g. 'II double perdre les grans fraiz el mises qu'il convienl a les faire<br />

parachever se quelque autre les faisoit semblablemenl imprimer s'il n'avoil<br />

sur ce noz lellres et provisions a ce necessaires' (CH 1514, 3); 'il double que<br />

apres que yceluy livre sera public que aucun marchanl ou libraire le vousisl<br />

faire imprimer, qui serail a son tresgrant prejudice el dommaige, si par nous<br />

ne luy esloil sur ce pourveu de remede convenable' (CH 1515, i);<br />

que apres qu'il les aura faicl imprimer aullres les voulsissenl semblablemenl<br />

'il double<br />

imprimer . . . nous humblemenl requeranl sur ce luy pourveoir el imparlir<br />

noslre grace' (CH 1516, 2), 'requeranl sur ce noslre provision' (CH 1517,<br />

102

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