A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

166 THE CHEMISTRY OF
Q*jr o* f G* + ^fi ^ most characteristic, as it is more soluble in
cold than in hot water, and thus on heating its cold saturated solution
it separates in shining crystalline plates.
On heating an intimate mixture of butyrate and formate of calcium
a distillate is obtained containing a large quantity of btUyraldehyde
C4H100, a liquid boiling at about 75°.
Ethyl Butyrate WU f 0 is obtained by distilling sodium butyrate
with alcohol and sulphuric acid. It is a colourless liquid, boiling
at. 119°, and having a pleasant smell of fruit; it is used in the
manufacture of artificial rum, &c. The same compound is formed
by the action of ethyl iodide upon sod acetic ether (see page 140).
Smmdary Butyl Alcohol, or EthyLmethyl CarUnd < g^ 5 \ CH OH.—
The iodide of this alcohol is obtained by heating erythnte C«EL0O,. a
tetrad alcohol, with concentrated hydriodic acid, just as triad glycerine
yields under the same circumstances dimethyl carbinol:—
C4H10O4 4- 7IH = C^I + 4H2O + 3I2
The same iodide is formed when ethylated monochlorethyl oxide
(see page 111) is heated in sealed tubes with concentrated hydriodic
acid:—
CHaCl CH8
O,H60.CH + 4HI - CHI + CjH6I + C1H + H^O 4- Ig
CjHg C2H6
Secondary butyl iodide boils at 119°. On heating it with conoentrated
acetic acid and silver aoetate a portion of it decomposes into
hydriodic acid and butene, and another yields secondary butyl
acetate:—
(1)
(2)
Secondary butyl acetate has a pleasant smell of fruit, and boils at
111 0 , On heating it with caustic potash it yields ethyl-methyl
oarbinol, a liquid boiling at 99°, having a vinous smell When it is
treated with a solution of potassium dichromate in cold dilute sulphuric
acid, it is oxidized to ethyUmethyl keUm Av* \ CO, a liquid resem-
bling common acetone, and boiling at $1°. The same compound is
formed by the action of acetyl chloride upon zinc-ethyl:—