A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

420 THE CHEMISTRY OF
chloride'over heated soda-lime, or the -vapour of dibenzyl over hot
lead oxide:—
C6H6.CH« C9H^CH
I |
C0H6.CHg 4 P
Tt is, however, most conveniently prepared by submitting benzyl
sulphide to dry distillation :—
On slow evaporation of its ethereal solution, it is obtained in large
monoclinic plates, melting at 120", and boiling at 306°. By heating
it with concentrated hydnodie acid it is reduced to dibenzyl.
DinitrostiUmc CUH,0(NO^^ has been produced synthetically by
heating nitrobenzyl chloride with alcoholic potash:—
C6H.(NO2)CH!!C1 CLH/NOJCH
+ 2K0H= | + 2KC1 + 2BLO
CoH4(NOg)CHsCl <
It forms brilliant yellow needles, having a green lustre, and sublimes
in yellow plates. By heating it witli alcoholic ammonium sulphide
in sealed tubes to 100°, it is converted into diamidostUbene
when bromine is added to a solution of stilbene in ether. By heating
it with alcoholic potash it ia converted into monabromostilbene
C,4H.,Br, an oily liquid, distilling with partial decomposition.
Toluylene Glycol CMH,9(0H)8 exists in several isomerio modifications,
Two of them are obtained by heating stilbene dibromide with
silver acetate and glacial acetic acid, and boiling the product with
alcoholic potash. One crystallizes in rhombic prisms, melting above
115°; and the other, called isotoluykne glywl, forms slender needles,
melting at 96°.
9,
Hydrohenzoin I .—This third isoraeride is formed by the
CeH,.CH.0H
action of zinc and hydrochloric on benzaldehyde. It forms large
rhombic plates, melting at 130°.
CaHs.CH.OH
Benzoin \ is produced by heating hydrobenzoin, or the
C9H6.CO
two toluylene glycols, gently with nitric acid, and was first obtained
by adding benzaldehyde to an alcoholic solution of potassium cyanide.
It is therefore also formed by the action of alcoholic potash on crude