A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

THE CARBON COMPOUNDS. 481
hydrdberhmiic C^H^NO^ which separates from an alcoholic solution
in very brilliant, colourless crystals.
Oxyacanthine occurs in the root of berlieris, and crystallizes from
alcohol in colourless prisms, which, wlien exposed to the sunshine,
assume a yellow tint; its composition is not known.
BEBEEMNE C'10HMN03.
This base is found in the bark of the bebeero, or greenhart-tree
of British Guiana (Ncctandra Roddei) and of Gcoffrmja jamaieensis,
and in the trunk and roots of dssampclos Pareira, and in Bnxits
sempmmvcns. It is a colourless amorphous powder, and insoluble in
water, but dissolves in alcohol; its solution lias a very bitter taste,
and an alkaline reaction. Bcbeerine sulphate 2(C10H2,NO3)SO4H2 is
sometimes used as a substitute for quinine.
PIPERISK N | p 6l ?, w n .
(. "-IJ 11 !) 1 -';!
This weak base exists in different kinds of pepper, and is prepared
by exhausting white pepper with alcohol and evaporating the solution;
the residue is dissolved in alcoholic potash, and the impure
piperiue, which, on concentrating this solution, crystallizes out, is
purified by recrystallization from alcohol.
Piperine forms colourless, tasteless, nnd inodorous prisms; its
alcoholic solution possesses a sharp peppery taste, and a nqutral
reactioa
On boiling with alcoholic potash it is resolved into pvpcru&nc
eriHuN, and kittle acid. C,2H,0O4.
{ C* TT
,, 5 l0 is a colourless liquid, which is soluble in
water, and boils at 10f>°; it has a pungent and caustic tnste, and an
anunoniacal and peppery smell. It is a powerful base, forming
erystallizaMe salts. When treated with benzoyl chloride it is con-
verted into Inizoyl-pipcridinc N \ r>\^% "wliitili is ft compound corre-
sponding to pipeline.
Pipette Add C'^HJOO., is a monobasic acid, crystallizing from hot
alcohol in long needles, melting nt 210°. Nascent hydrogen converts
it into hydropipene acid C,;H,o04, which consists of needles, melting
at 64°.
By adding potassium permanganate to a solution of potassium
pipcrate, piperonaldchyde is formed :—
Ci2H10O4 + 40, = CH.0, + C.H2O4 + 2C0, + H,0
0 I I