A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

300 TRE CHEMISTRY OP
Ethytbmzoic Acid C6H4j Q^T has teen produced by oxidizing
diethyl-benzene with dilute nitric acid, and by passing carbon dioxide
into a mixture of ethyl-monobromobenzene and sodium. It crystallizes,
like benzoic acid, in flat, brilliant needles, melting at 110°.
Chromic acid oxidizes it to terephthalic acid.
Altfwxylic Add C^IQJKJO H.—The nitrile of this acid is
formed by heating tolyl chloride -with potassium cyanide; by boiling
it with caustic potash it yields the acid, crystallizing from boiling
water in shining thin plates, melting at 42'.
PKOPYlrBENZEME
Has been prepared by acting with sodium on a mixture of propyl
bromide and bromobenzena It is a liquid boiling at 157°. On heating
it -with a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acids, it yields a liquid
trinitro-compound; and with bromine it forma prapyl-tetrabromobmzenc
C6HBr4.C8H7, a viscid liquid.
Plwuylpropyl Alcohol CoH6.C8He.OH is found together with cinngl
alcohol C6H6.C8H,.OH (see next page), and is also formed by acting
with sodium-amalgam on an aqueous solution of the latter compound.
It is a liquid boiling at 235°.
Pheivytpropimvi Add C9Hj.CaH4.CO,H.—This compound is also
called hydrocinaamio acid, because it was first obtained by acting
with sodium-amalgam on an aqueous solution of cinnamic acid
C?H6.CjHj,.CO3H. It is also produced by heating styrolyl chloride
with potassium cyanide and alcohol, and boiling the solution with
potash, and by oxidizing phenylpropyl alcohol with chromic acid. 11
crystallizes from boiling water in long, thin needles, melting at 47°,
and boiling at 280".
Paranitroplienylpropiomc Acid C6H4(NOg)CaH«Os is produced by
dissolving phenylpropionie acid in very cold fuming nitric acid. It
crystallizes from water in small, Hat, brilliant needles, melting at
164°. Chromic acid oxidizes it to paranitrobenzoic acid.
Penvjl-methyl KctMe C9H6.CH,.CO.CHS[ is a liquid boiling at 215°,
which has been obtained by the action of zinc methide on the chloride
of phenylacetic acid. Chromic acid oxidizes it bo acetic acid and
beuzoic acid.
CVMENE, OB JSOPROrYt-BBNZENE C8Hs.0H
This hydrocarbon exists in Roman cumin-oil, and is obtained artificially
by distilling cumic acid CeH4(CsHr)0O?H with lime. It boils
at 151', and gives, with nitric aoid, a crystalline trinitro-compound;