A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

TEE CARBON COMPOUNDS. 221
crystals, melting at 120° and boiling at 250°, On boiling it with water
succinio acid is again formed:—
c 0 \o 4. TT o r TT J C 0 0 H
CO/ 0 + H *° = C * H * \ CO.OH
f COC1
Succinyl Cldoride CjH41 QQCI a P r °duced by the action of phosphorus
pentachloride upon the acid or the anhydride. It is an oily
liquid, boiling at 190° and solidifying at 0° to tabular crystals. It
has a suffocating smell, fumes in the air, and forms, in contact with
water, suocinic acid and hydrochloric acid, and with alcohol it yields
ethyl sucoinate and hydrochloric acid.
( CO.OH
Sulplwswxinic Acid C2H3-| SOS.OH.—This strong tribasic acid is
( CO.OH
formed by the action of sulphur triojride upon succinic acid, and
forms deliquescent crystals.
AMIDES OP SUCCINIC ACID.
{ CO NH
CO NH 2 "—^ Kn amm °ni a is added to ethyl
succinate the amide separates out in fine white needles, which are
readily soluble in hot but sparingly in cold water, and insoluble in
spirits of wine. On heating it melts, and at 200° decomposes into
ammonia and smdnimide C2H41 1 nQ nQ [ [ NH, a compound which is
also produced by the action of ammonia upon succinic anhydride,
and by the rapid distillation of ammonium succinate. Succiuimide
is readily soluble in water and alcohol, crystallizing in rhombic
tables containing one molecule of water, which is readily given off on
exposure to the air, The anhydrous compound melts.at 126° and
boils ab 288°. On heating it with alcoholic ammonia to 100° it is
reconverted into succinamide. By adding an animoniacal solution
of silver nitrate to an alcoholic solution of succiuimide, silversiwcinimide
CjH^CO^NAg is formed, which orystallizes in four-sided
prisms. On boiling it with aqueous ammonia it takes up water, and
is converted into sitvtr mccinamatc C2Ht•! OQQ A *• The free sue*
cinamic acid forms colourless crystals which sublime on heatiug; it
is soluble in water, and combines with it to form acid ammonium
succinate,