A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

38ff TBE CHEMISTRY OF
base and an acid. By dry distillation, it yields phenol and other
products; but, when heated very carefully, it is resolved into carbon
dioxide and oxyphenyl-ethykmine C6H4(OH)C2H4.NH2> a white, crystalline
sublimate, having an alkaline reaction, and forming crystellizable
salts, Wheu tyxosine is fused with potash, it yields ammonia,
acetic acid, and paraoxybenzoic acid; and when heated with hydriodic
acid, it is resolved into ethyl-phenol (or an isomeride), carbon dioxide,
and ammonia:—
Tyrosins dissolves in hot sulphuric acid, yielding sulpho-acids,
which are coloured violet by ferric chloride. On heating an aqueous
solution of tyrosine with mercurious nitrate, it assumes a red colour,
and then a reddish-brown precipitate is formed.
MelUotie Add, or Hydrocwmaric Acid C6H4 j n jx nn H' occur8
in the yellow melilot {Mdilotws qfinnalis), and in the fragrant Fahatnleavea
It crystallizes from water in large, pointed prisms, melting at
82°, By distillation it is resolved into water and mclilotic anhydride
C6H4 j Q TT >CO, a crystalline solid, melting at 25°, and boiling at
272°. On fusing molilotic acid with potash, it yields acetic acid and
salicylic acid.
OXYPHENYL-ACRYLIC ACIDS.
Paracttmaric Acid Q&JQH QQ H 5S P re P 8ted ^y exhausting
aloes with dilute sulphuric acid, and treating the residue with ether.
It crystallizes from boiling water in brittle needles, melting at 180°.
Nascent hydrogen converts it into hydroparaoumario acid.
Cumaric Acid CJB.AQ n QQ H occurs t °g et l ier w Hli melildtic
acid, and crystallizes from water in long needles, melting at 195°; by
treating it with water aud sodinm.amalgam, it is converted into melilotic
acid,
Oumarin, or Cumaric Anhydride O6H4-j Q -U >CO, is found, com-
bined with cumaric acid or melilotic acid, in the melilot and the
Faham-leaves, and exists in the free state in the Tonka-bean (Dipter&B
odorata), in the sweet woodruff (Aspenda odwxtta), and in the
aweet-scented vernal grass {A-ntliomntkum, odoraLw).. It is readily
obtained by exhausting tonka-beans with alcohol-, arid has been produced
artificially by heating sodium-salicylaldehyde with acetic anhy-