A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

300 THE CHEMISTRY OF
Terpinol O^SJO is obtained by boiling terpin with dilute
hydrochloric or sulphuric acids. It is a colourless and very refraotive
oil, smelling like hyacinths, end boiling with partial decomposition
at 168°.
When terpin is heated with alkalis to 400°, it Is converted into
terebentic add C8H20O2, crystallizing in small needles, melting at 90°,
and boiling at 250°,
Terpene MonahydrocMoride Cl0Hl7Cl,—When hydroohloric aoid gas
is passed into oil of turpentine, two isomeric hydrochlorides are
produced. One, being a solid, orystallizes from hot alcohol in brilliant
prisms, melting at 116°, and boiling at a higher temperature with
partial decomposition. This body has a strong odour resembling that
of camphor < by passing its vapour over quicklime at 200°, it is
resolved into hydrochlorio acid, and campkilme CWH18, a liquid which
is optically inactive.
The second hydrochloride is a liquid, which by distillation over
quicklime yields optically inactive canphilene C,0H16. The liquid
compound is easily oxidized by nitric acid, whioh does not act on the
solid modification.
Terpene Dikydroehloride OI0H,gCl2i8 formed when oil of turpentine
is left for several weeks in contact with fuming hydrochloric acid, or
when the gaseous acid is passed into terpin or terpinol. It forma
oolourless crystals, and yields by distillation over qnioklime a
terpene, smelling like rosemary.
All these different terpenes may again be combined with hydrochloric
acid, and the hydrochlorides thus formed are converted into new
modifications of turpentine oil by distilling them with qnioklime,
but all yield at the end one and the same produot. called terelene
Cj0H16, The same body is produced together with dieterebene C^^
when oil of turpentine is treated with boron fluoride or strong
sulphuric acid. Terebene has also been obtained synthetically front
amylene C6HW, which by the action of sulphuric aoid is converted
into diamylent O^H^ (page 234), By heating diamylene dibromide
with alcoholic potash, it yields tutylem CwHrg, and the dibromide of
this hydrocarbon again loses hydrobroraic acid by the action of potash,
and is converted into terebene,
Terebene is a mobile liquid, boiling at 156", and smelling like
thyme; it is optically inaotive, and forms with hydrochlorio aoid a
&hdhld y (10JJ)J (CH)C1H
By the aotion of chlorine on oil of turpentine, substitution*
produots are formed, which are but little known. When ohlorina
is passed over the solid monohydroohloride, a yellow liquid,
C19HUCL.HC1, is formed, which easily splits up into hydrochlorio
acid, and tetraehhroterpme C10HiaCl1, colourless crystals melting
at 110°.
When bromine is added to well-cooled oil of turpentine or terpine,
terpene dibromide 010H16Br2 is formed; it is a heavy oily liquid, and
a very unstable compound, which by heating it with aniline to 180°