A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

THE GBMMISTRY 09
VeraMc Add CgHjCOEyCOjH,—This isomeride of hydrocaffeic
and umbellic acids exists in sabadilla-seed (Veratrwn SabadUla), and
crystallizes from boiling water in prisms. When heated with caustic
baryta, it is resolved into carbon dioxide and mrattol C,,H8(OH)«
a colourless oil, possessing an aromatic odour, boiling at 205°, and
solidify ing at 15° to a crystalline mass,
Veratrol is either a dimethyl-dioxybenzene or an ethyl-dioxybenzene.
COMPOUNDS WITH TEN ATOMS OF CARBON.
We know the following hydrocarbons belonging to this group:
Tetramethyl-benzene . . .
Dimethyl-ethyl-benzene. .
Methyl-propyl-benzene . . . C0H4 -J c j |
f CH
Methyl-isopropyl-bensene . . C,H4 -J QJJ?(
Diethyl-beozene . . . .
Isobutyl-tenzene
Butenyl-bengene . . . . . C6H5.C4HT
Tetramethyl-lensene, or J)iireneC0B^GSs)v-~Tiaa hydrocarbon doea
not exist in coal-tar, but has been obtained artificially by the action
of sodium on a solution of methyl iodide and monobromopseudocuiaene
in pure ether, Butene is the only homologue of 'benzene
which is solid at the ordinary temperature (dimw, hard), and crystallizes
from alcohol in compact, oblique prisms, melting at 80°, and
boiling at 190°. It is lighter than water, and possesses a faint odour
resembling that of benzene.
Mnitrodurme C^NO^^CH^. is formed by dissolving durene in
cold concentrated nitric acid, ana crystallizes from alcohol in colourless,
rhombic prisms, melting at 205°, and subliming in brilliant
needles.
Librottwdurene CjBrJCH.^ is obtained by the action of cold
bromine on durene, and is but sparingly soluble in boiling alcohol.