A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

THE CARBON COMPOUNDS. 361
at 128°, yields 2*3 diamidotcluene.a. crystalline body, melting at about
80°, and boiling at 270°; it readily absorbs oxygen, and assumes a
blue colour.
By the action of ammonium sulphide on trinitrotoluene, two
amido-compoundsareformed; dinitroamidotolueneG^GB.^) j JJJJ^ 2
which crystallizes in small yellow needlos, melting at 168°, and
nikoddamMotolwm CgH^CHj) j7^|^, amall red prism's melting
it 132°.
( OTT
Cresol C6H4 < QJJ ,—The cresol contained in coal-tar consists chiefly
of paracresol or 1*4 eresoL
The pure compound is most conveniently prepared by converting
solid toluidine into diazofcoluene sulphate, and decomposing the
latter with water. It orystallizes in white needles, melting at 35°-5,
boiling at 200°, and smelling like phenol. The same compound is
also obtained by fusing l'4toluenesulphonic acid with caustic potash;
this sulpho-acid is formed together with the 1*2 acid by dissolving
toluene in sulphuric acid.
f CH
Cresol-mthyl Ether G^lA QQJJ is obtained by heating the potassium
compound of 1*4 cresol with methyl iodide. It is a liquid
possessing an aromatic odour, and boiling at 174°.
Metaoresol, or 1*2 cresol, is produced by the action of caustic potash
upon 1*2 toluenesulphonio acid. It is a liquid boiling at 190°.
Orthocresol, or 1*3 Cresol, has been obtained from thymol
(OH
C6Hs-< CHg, a compound to be described afterwarda By heating it
with phosphorus pentoxide it is resolved into propylene, and orthocresol,
a colourless liquid, boiling at about 200°.
f OH
DinUrocresol C6H8(NO)J Qg 3 js produced by the action of nitrous
acid upon solid toluidine ; it forms yellow crystals, melting at 84°.
An isomeric compound is contained in the so- called " Victoriayellow,"
or "aniline-orange." This colouring matter, of unknown
origin, consists principally of the sodium salt of a dinitrocresol, which
crystallizes in pale-yellow needles, melting at 190°,
Trinitroeresot Ga\tt(NQJ)3O15. has great resemblance to picric acid,
but is much less soluble in water, and may therefore easily be obtained
in the pure state by boiling commercial cresol (containing phenol)
with nitric acid.