A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

THE CARBON COMPOUNDS. 167
therefore been called ethyl-isobutyl It boils at 62°. No derivatives
have been obtained directly from this hydrocarbon, but there exists a
hexyl alcohol in the fusel-oil from the marc of grapes, which most
probably has a similar constitution as ainyl alcohol, and appears
to be a derivative of dimethyl-propylmethane. This isohexyl alcohol
boils at 151°.
By acting with caustic potash on isocapronitrile (amyl cyanide)
isoca/provs acid {fSS.^fi^Lb.GO^. is formed, which for a long time
was believed to be identical with the normal caproic acid; it has
similar properties, but boils at 199°.
Limethyl-propyl Carbinol CH3 f-COH.—This tertiary alcohol is
C8HJ
formed by the action of zino methyl upon bufcyryl chloride; it is a
thick colourless liquid, boiling at 115°. Another tertiary hexyl alcohol,
methyl-diethyl carbinol CQ jf \ \ COH, resembling the latter, and
boiling at 120°, has been prepared from zinc ethyl and acetyl chloride.
(3) DERIVATIVES OP TETRMIETHYL-ETHANE.
Tdramiliyl-etham or Di-isopropyl CgH2(CHg)4 is formed by acting
with sodium upon secondary propyl iodide in presence of ether. It
boils at 58°; its derivatives have been so far little studied.
Dimeth/l-isopropyl Carbinol ,Q^ •. jfo J- COH is prepared by acting
with zinc-methyl on isobutyryl chloride. It ia a liquid boiling at
112° and solidifying at — 35° to slender silky needles. like other
tertiary alcohols it smells like camphor; chromic acid solution
oxidizes it to dimethyl ketone.
Methylisopropyl-acctie Acid /QH wjg J- CH.C02H.—The nitrile of
tliis acid has been produced by heating secondary amyl iodide with
potassium cyanide. The free acid does not smell so unpleasantly as
the other caproic acids, from which it also differs by the solubility
and crystalline form of its salts.
A fourth isomeric caproic acid, diethyl-acetic acid (CSH5)2CH.CO.QH,
is formed by acting with ethyl iodide upon disodacetic ether; this acid
must be considered as a derivative of the same unknown hydrocarbon
from which methyl-diethyl carbiuol is theoretically derived.
Trimeihyl-ethyhnclhane C \ W H 3 ^ 3 has been obtained by acting
with zinoethyl on tertiary butyl iodide as a liquid boiling between
43° and 48°.