A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

THE CARBON COMPOUNDS. 169
With hydriodic acid isobutene readily combines, forming again
tertiary butyl iodide; it can also be easily transformed into the
tertiary alcohol by dissolving it in dilute sulphuric acid and distilling.
By means of this reaction, large quantities of the tertiary
alcohol may be obtained from isobutyl alcohol. When isobutene
is shaken with aqueous hypochlorous acid the gas ia absorbed, and
•isobiUew cldwhydratu is formed, which has the following constitution:—
CH3CHS
C
On adding sodium amalgam to its aqueous solution the chlorine
is replaced by hydrogen, and isobutyl alcohol is formed.
Trimethylcarbinylamine or Tertiary Butylamine C(CHg)gNHy—
When isobutyl iodide is heated with dry silver cyanate, a dry, solid
compound of silver iodide and butyl carbimide is formed; this, mixed
with finely divided caustic potash and heated, gives off vapours of
trimethylcartrinylamine, a colourless liquid, boiling at 45°.
AMYL OR PENTYL-GROUP.
Theory points out the existence of three isomeric hydrocarbons
CSH14:-
Penlnno. Dlmethyl-ethylmethane. Tetromotliyi-mothano.
CH3
I CHa CHa
CH, \> a CHS
CH, I CH3-A-CH,
I ^"s 1
I CH3
(1) DERIVATIVES OF PENTANE.
Pentane C^Hli( ia a colourless mobile liquid having an ethereal
smell, and boiling at 39°. It occurs in the light oils obtained by the
distillation of boghead and cannel coal, and in American petroleum.
On passing chlorine into its vapour a mixture of a primary and a
deoondary chloride is obtained, from which by a reaction already