A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

198 TEE GKEMISTRY OJf
CHg.OCjjHgO
Mthyl Acetylglycollate | .—Tliis ether is obtained by
CO.OCjjH,;
heating ethyl monochloracetate with potassium acetate. It is a
colourless liquid, having a pleasant fruity smell, and boiling at 179°.
On distilling it with caustic potash it is resolved into potassium
glycollate and acetic ether. "When its aqueous solution is evaporated
with slacked lime in vaeuo, calcium acetate, calcium glycollate, and
calcium acetylglycolhte are produced: the latter salt crystallizes in
small prisms.
CO
QlycoUUe or QlycoUic Anhydride | >O.—When glycollic acid is
CHj
heated above 150°, it is partially resolved into water and glycolHde.
The latter compound is formed in larger quantity when potassium
monochloracetate is heated to 120°. It is a white amorphous
powder. When heated with water ifc is slowly reconverted into
glycollic acid; this change takes place more quickly in the presence
of an alkali.
Diglycollu Add or Faramalic Acid.—O j GHTCO OH'" 11 " 3 bi "
basic i acid id is i formed fod by b the th oxidation idti of f diethene dih glycol l l as well ll as by b
the dehydration of glycollic acid. It is also produced together with
glycollic acid when monochloracetic acid is boiled with milk of lime
and calcium chloride. It forms large monoolinic crystals, and is very
soluble in water. When it is heated -with fuming hydriodic acid it
splits up into acetic acid and glycollic acid, and if the hydriodic
acid be in excess the glycollio acid is also reduced to acetic acid:—-
(1) O| CH*COOH + 2HI * HO.CHj.CQ.OH + 0HyCO.OH + I2
/9« CIL.OH 0H8
(