A Manual of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds

IBM (JABBON COMPOUNDS, 233
Ethylinalonio acid crystallizes in colourless prisms resembling
pyrotartatic acid, and melting like the latter at 112 . Both acids can,
however, easily be distinguished by heating them; pyrotartaric yields
a crystalline sublimate of the anhydride, whilst ethylmalonic acid is
completely resolved into carbon dioxide and butyric acid, the fonner
acid being methylsnccinio acid, and the latter methylisosuccinic acid.
fCOOH
Glutamic Add CgH^NHj) < QQQ^> ahomologue of aspartic acid,
is produced, together with the latter body and other compounds, by
boiling legumin and conglutin (see Albuminous Principles) with dilute
sulphuric acid. It crystallizes in rhombic tetrahedrons, and is converted
by the action of nitrous acid Maglvianic acid C8H6(OH)(CO2H),
an indistinctly crystalline mass, forming amorphous salts,
( CO OH
Deoxyglutanic Acid CfiA nX'OH ' 8 P^ueed ty heating glutanic
acid with concentrated hydriodic acid to 120°. It is very readily
soluble in water, and forms large, transparent, monoclinic crystals
melting at 97°, and decomposing above 280° into water and the
anhydride CgHgO,. This reaction explains the constitution of deoxyglutanic
acid, and shows that it is a normal compound, because only
four isomerides having the formula CgHe(CO2H)j can exist, viz.;—
CO.OH CH. CO.OH CO.OHCO.OH CO.OH CO.OH
V V
AH, AH, L / \
CO.OH
The second of these formula represents the constitution of
pyrotartario acid, and tlie third that of etliylmalonio acid; deoxyglutanic
acid must therefore have either the constitution represented
by formula 1 or 4. But an acid of this composition having linked
two carhoxyls to the same oarton atom would on heating (analogous
to etbylmalonio acid) be resolved into carbon dioxide and laobutyric
acid, whilst deoxyglutanic acid yields an anhydride and water, from
which it follows that it must have the constitution assigned to it.
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING MORE THAN FIVE ATOMS OF CAJtBON.
Hexene or Hemjlme C9H12 occurs in the light oils from boghead and
cannel-tar, and is readily formed by lieating the secondary chloride or
iodide of hexyl with alcoholic potash; it boils at 70°. Serene ylycol
(\,HB(OH), is n thick liquid boiling at 207°.