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tive community organizers were eager to defend their land, jobs, culture,<br />
environment, etc. We <strong>in</strong> the study group thus felt that we stood on the<br />
same side as the Ishigaki people, who wanted to prevent their land from<br />
destruction.<br />
Be<strong>for</strong>e my trip to Ishigaki, I had expected only to receive a cooperative<br />
reply regard<strong>in</strong>g our research plans. Contrary to my expectations, our plans<br />
were met with considerable skepticism. One <strong>in</strong>habitant po<strong>in</strong>ted his f<strong>in</strong>ger<br />
at me say<strong>in</strong>g, “I hate a person like <strong>you</strong> who comes here to conduct research<br />
<strong>for</strong> <strong>you</strong>r own <strong>in</strong>terest. We have received many researchers from ma<strong>in</strong>land<br />
Japan. Because we, islanders, are hospitable and k<strong>in</strong>d to outsiders, we try to<br />
help others as much as possible. But what has been happen<strong>in</strong>g is very exploitative.<br />
We receive noth<strong>in</strong>g. After tak<strong>in</strong>g care <strong>of</strong> outsiders, we get noth<strong>in</strong>g<br />
but feel exploited. When <strong>you</strong> go back to Tokyo, <strong>you</strong> write a paper <strong>for</strong><br />
<strong>you</strong>r own promotion. How about our benefit? I do not like <strong>you</strong>!”<br />
I was shocked to have an islander express<strong>in</strong>g such sentiments toward me.<br />
In reactionary fashion, I attempted to persuade them by say<strong>in</strong>g that the<br />
<strong>in</strong>tent <strong>of</strong> the research was to generate knowledge that would be relevant<br />
not only <strong>for</strong> development practiti<strong>one</strong>rs but also <strong>for</strong> Ishigaki islanders. This<br />
explanation, however, only fueled their negative feel<strong>in</strong>gs aga<strong>in</strong>st me. Everybody<br />
started speak<strong>in</strong>g out. “Do <strong>you</strong> really know our <strong>in</strong>terests?” “You are<br />
cheat<strong>in</strong>g!” “I do not understand why <strong>you</strong> came here.” “I am not <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong><br />
work<strong>in</strong>g with <strong>you</strong>.” “Your research is not our <strong>in</strong>terest. But how come <strong>you</strong> say<br />
this is also our <strong>in</strong>terest?” Obviously, my attempt failed. I gave up try<strong>in</strong>g to<br />
conv<strong>in</strong>ce them and simply asked: “We are <strong>in</strong>terested <strong>in</strong> do<strong>in</strong>g this research<br />
here. But, <strong>in</strong> return, what can we do <strong>for</strong> <strong>you</strong>?” When I asked about their<br />
<strong>in</strong>terests <strong>in</strong>stead <strong>of</strong> defend<strong>in</strong>g my <strong>in</strong>terests, their stance towards me changed<br />
a bit.<br />
A senior person proposed to host an open <strong>for</strong>um to share experiences <strong>of</strong><br />
both Ishigaki islanders and our group members. He suggested to me, “With<br />
the <strong>for</strong>um, we, islanders, can also learn from <strong>you</strong> while <strong>you</strong> learn from us.” I<br />
immediately agreed, feel<strong>in</strong>g that he had helped me out <strong>of</strong> a tense and negative<br />
situation caused by my tactless explanation. In fact, his suggestion did<br />
make sense. Both sides could learn from each other and our group could still<br />
conduct our research. Moreover, the process <strong>of</strong> prepar<strong>in</strong>g <strong>for</strong> the <strong>for</strong>um<br />
would provide valuable opportunities <strong>for</strong> our group members to learn how<br />
the islanders work with outsiders. I promised the islanders that I would get<br />
approval from my organization to host a <strong>for</strong>um.<br />
Commitment <strong>in</strong> the face <strong>of</strong> pressure<br />
Our research group members favored action research and will<strong>in</strong>gly agreed<br />
to host a <strong>for</strong>um as an obvious obligation we owed the islanders. My immediate<br />
superior also agreed with the shift <strong>of</strong> our research approach from an<br />
orthodox style to an action-centered <strong>one</strong> and approved the plan to host a