CHINESE SUPERSTITIONS - University of Oregon

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— 322 — Is ff< ^ $) (0- ^ servant accompanies, and places the contributions in a box, or satchel. Should the monk fail to receive any alms, he sets down his portable shrine, and the image of W'ei-t'o /f\ |>£, in front of the house of one of the gentry, or well-to-do families of the place, and sitting- cross-legged beside it, begs passers-by to contribute a small offering. In case his good endeavours should still prove ineffectual, he makes a final appeal to the pity of the public, and has recourse to the method called "standing in the spiked box", Chan-kwan J§ || (2). This appeal is carried out as follows : a latticed box, a little higher than the size of a man, is set up in one of the principal squares of the city or town. A Buddhist monk, led by his superior, is shut up within the box, and the door solidly fastened. The gentry and people are then informed, that the imprisoned monk will receive neither food nor drink, until the required amount of money is con- tributed. Meanwhile several other monks pace up and down the streets, begging the people to have pity on the poor captive, and spare his life. In order to excite more and more the compassion of the crowd, they are told the monk is standing barefooted on a spiked plank. Appearances are, however, deceptive, for good care has been taken to turn the spikes downwards, and thus the captive's feet repose really upon a smooth and harmless surface. Moreover, his hunger-strike is not fatal, and he is always rescued in time to escape dying through starvation. When the supplies of the monastery fail, special prayers are addressed to Wei-t'o \yl |>£, and he is expected to provide all that is required for the material needs of the monks (3). (1) Loh-chu ^J B}] to cheerfully aid by a donation or alms. (2) Chan ife, to stand up, to stand still. Kioan ||, a pass, a closed and well-fastened place. Hence standing in a latticed box filled with spikes. Buddhist monks have recourse to this scheme in order to excite compassion. In many cases, people buy out the spikes. Williams. Dictionary Chinese Language. of the (3) Edkins. Chinese Buddhism, p. 207. — Waddell. The Buddhism of Tibet, p. 371.
— 323 — As a tutelary deity, Wei-t'o jpr [)£ generally accompanies the Goddess of Mercy, Kwan-yin f|| ^ (1). In pictures of the latter, Wei-t'o >jt [)'£ is found in the upper corner, and may be recognized by his military armour, and sword placed crosswise on the breast. When the sword is absent, his hands are devoutly joined in an attitude of prayer. The birthday of Wei-t'o ^l !>£ is celebrated on the third day of the 6 th lunar month. In former times, it was assigned 13 th (2). APPENDIX. A legend relates that Wei-t'o ^ |>£ to the unearthed a statue of Buddha, the world-illuminating king, P'u-chao-wang ^ Ug 3£, and had a temple erected in his honour. The Author, when travelling between Ji'i-kao -ftp Jjl and T'ai-lising ^ Ji., in North Kiangsu yX i||, noticed in the market-town of Kia-Jih jjfl i] a convent where a , picture of Buddha, the world-illuminating king, P'u-chao-wang 3^- M 3i! i s found beside that of K'ia-lan jjj\\ |£, taking Wei-t'o's place. It is on account of these two deities that the town and its convent are so named. The expression Kia-lih jf/p -f] means to render assistance, to help another, and this is what Buddha, the world-illuminating king, P'u-cliao-wang ^ Bi3 3E (3\ does for Wei- t'o Ip; |?£. To thank him for having unearthed his image, and erected a temple in his honour, he helps him in his office of guardian and protector of monasteries. Kia-lih j}\] -fj, the name of this market-town, thus means the place where Buddha, the world illuminating king, P'u-chao-wang -^ \ltf 3E> helps Wei-t'o >f\ |?£. (1) See Chinese Superstitions. Vol. I. Illustration n° 1, and n° 2: Vol. VI. Illustration. n° 40. (2) His birthday is celebrated on the third day of the sixth month, but according to others on the 13'' 1 . Kdkins. Superstitions. Vol. V. p. 589 (Birthday of Wei-t'o). Chinese Buddhism, p. 207.— Chinese (3) P'u g-, universal, pervading. Chcto 08, to shine on, to illuminate. Wang 3:, a king, a ruler. The "world illuminating king" is a title given to Buddha. Williams. Dictionary of the Chinese Language. 12
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111 1)6 1* ?& I!SI*iiIM«if&SI INTO
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X>C>l3 7 V~ l\\ B3&
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4 th — II — century). 3° The A
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— IV — aim of Buddhism, a sorry
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— VI — adopted children and unw
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— VIII — is also said to have a
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— X — teacher, unci example of
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— XII — philosophy, becomes the
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— XIV — Epochs of Chinese and J
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Preface XVI — CONTENTS. SECOND PA
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— XVIII — President: Tu-ti-wang
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— XX — 2" The 2 brothers of the
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— XXII Page. 1'ci-lii shen-shi ff
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59. Indra represented — XXIV —
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ARTICLE IX. KSH1TIGARBHA, BUDDHA OF
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Fig. 41 Ti-tsang-wang. Ti Tsang-wan
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— 238 — Wei-t'o ^ |?& (t). This
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— 240 — drew to an end, and he
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— 242 — Muh-lien g £| was appr
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— 244 — Kiu-hwa-shan % ^ [Jj (1
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— 246 — The general theme is th
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— 247 — 5°. Temples dedicated
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o _ a o o 01 0.1 z; o o ( £2 O W
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— 251 — the battle was soon won
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— 253 — B). Kwan-yin f$f ^, the
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— 255 — beheld a vast landscape
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— 257 — author of the "Treatise
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— 259 — at sometime or other le
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— 261 — senses. Every form of t
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Fig. 43 La tour du miroir — La pr
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— 264 — In connection with this
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— 266 — 10. The hell where men
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— 267 — 3°. Those who gouge ou
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3: (1). — 269 — HI. THIRD COURT
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Fisr. 45 Os racles — Yeux arrache
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— 272 — IV. FOURTH COURT. Presi
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— 273 — 8. The hell where one m
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— 275 — to commit the above men
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— 277 — molten copper, thus cau
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— 279 — From the above legends,
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Fig. 4 7 Coupe en morceaux — Coew
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— 282 — 2°. Those who denied r
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— 284 — VI. SIXTH COURT. Presid
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— 285 — 9. The hell where fire
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— 287 — 2". Also those who prac
Page 103: Fig. 49 La chaudiere d'huile bouill
Page 106 and 107: — 290 — 4°. Those who spread d
Page 108 and 109: — 292 — 10. The hell where the
Page 111 and 112: — 293 — to be pious, repented t
Page 113 and 114: — 295 — 9. The hell where oxen
Page 115: Pig. 51 La cite des suicides — La
Page 118 and 119: — 298 — X. TENTH COURT. Preside
Page 121 and 122: — 299 — inhabiting spaces under
Page 123: Fie. 53 Roue de la metempsycose. Th
Page 126 and 127: — 302 — ch'ang fg- ^ j^, and th
Page 129 and 130: — 303 — ARTICLE XI. MARICHI. ^O
Page 131 and 132: — 305 — Thunder and lightning s
Page 133: Fig. 55 Tcboen-ti. Chun-ti. Or the
Page 136 and 137: — 308 — was protected by the "H
Page 138 and 139: — 310 — second attack failed li
Page 140 and 141: o — 312 —
Page 142 and 143: — 314 — ancient "Monastery of C
Page 145 and 146: Kwan-kung [|fj Q — 315 — (1), t
Page 147 and 148: — 317 — ARTICLE XIII. VEDA, PRO
Page 149 and 150: — 319 — The following legendary
Page 151: — Fig. 57 Wei-t'ouo-pou-sah. T/ie
Page 156 and 157: — 324 — AETICLE XIV. I.VDKA AM)
Page 159 and 160: — 325 — images of Brahma, Fan-w
Page 161 and 162: — 327 — them is meant to procla
Page 163: Fig. 59 Yu-ti ou Ti-che (Indra).sou
Page 166 and 167: — 330 — ARTICLE XV. THE INCENSE
Page 169 and 170: — 331 — Divine nymphs gather th
Page 171 and 172: — 333 — the number 18 being- ge
Page 173 and 174: — 335 — conquered the craving f
Page 175 and 176: — 337 — and not as a member of
Page 177 and 178: — 339 — age of 80, and am neari
Page 179 and 180: — 341 — returned with several S
Page 181 and 182: 11 12 13 14 15 16 Rahula Nagasena A
Page 183 and 184: He was represented — 345 — for
Page 185 and 186: — 347 — disciples, and dwells i
Page 187 and 188: — 349 — subtle Arhat, and an or
Page 189 and 190: — 351 — Kiangsi 7X W> and Hupeh
Page 191 and 192: — 353 j-j^T ?X- Tne Author himsel
Page 193: ,,t '"" < Fig. 61 Les 18 Louo-han.
Page 197 and 198: — 355 The figures in the 2 nd col
Page 199: Fig. 63 Tao-t'ung shen-shi.
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Fig. 65 Hwei-yuen shen-sbi.
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— 358 — Illustration n° 62 rep
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Fig. 67 Han-shan-tze, or the Arhat
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— 359 — ts'ing-sze fig \f^ ^?,
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Fig. 69 Ku-ti hwo-shang.
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Fig. 71 Shi-tze-pi-k'iu tsun-cheh o
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— 362 — /-chow lj£ j]'\, in Ng
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Fig. 73 Lo-heu-lo-to tsun-cheh or R
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— 363 — Golden Horde, was accus
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Fig. 75 Kiu-mo-lo-to tsun-cheh or K
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— 366 — During twenty years, he
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— 367 — petty independent princ
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Fig. 77 Ma-ming tsun-cheh, or Asvag
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— 370 — that the Scythian king
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— 372 — Calico Bag", Pu-tai kwo
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— 373 — wrote several works, of
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— 375 — 2. Group comprising 108
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frog under the left arm (1) ; Cuda-
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— 379 — 3. The copy of 16, know
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— 381 — that Pindola's name was
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— 383 — as in China (1). These
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— 385 — from the above two work
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— 387 — of milk spurted from he
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4 * S* 4 l
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— 390 — Heavenly, T'ien %; the
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North ; Mao to the West (1). — 39
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6 7 8 9 10 T'u-wei Shang-cliang Chu
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Fig. 83 Vaisravana, or To-wen ^ f*]
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— 396 — capacity, they are deem
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— 397 — he donned the yellow ro
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Fig. 85 Virupaksa, or Kwang-muh Jl
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— hOO — adorations, and the con
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— 402 — mother-of-pearl. On thi
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— 403 — winged elephant, Hwa-hu
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— 405 — In this critical moment
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— 407 — In China, they are espe
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— 409 — ARTICLE XIX. THE DRAGON
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- Fig. 87 Trhema de Kin long se ta
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412 4°. The classification found i
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— 413 — The fanciful work known
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Fig. 89 Pe Long (Le dragon blanc).
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— 416 — force, and torrential r
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— 418 — and after a short strug
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— 420 — hid himself in the moun
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— 4 22 — ARTICLE XX. THE « PAT
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2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1
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Fig. 92 Ahvagesha Maming, en Chinoi
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— 426 — to bear him to China. H
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— 427 — from oneself. But to at
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Fig. 94 Bodhidharma. (Dans la pagod
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— 430 — Paradise", was the repl
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— 431 — inactivity, and ecstati
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Fig. 96 Le bonze Hoei ko (chen koan
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— 434 — The emperor, hearing th
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— 436 — 111. Fourth and Fifth C
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— 438 — is K'ung ^ (Unreal)". T
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— 440 — IV. Sixth Chinese Patri
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— 441 — but were later on resto
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— 443 — fC H li( ^ (1), situate
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— 445 — In A.D. 705, the empero
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— 447 — ARTICLE XXI. THE GREAT
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Fig. 98 Le bonze Ta-cheng. The bonz
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— 450 — Scarcely had he resolve
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— 452 — on which he could erect
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sword, Kien-shan $|J [ij . In 454 t
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— 456 — visitors cast a few sma
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adopting the form of a babe (1).
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— 459 — the famous monk, and th
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Tche k'ong 3 e Fig. 100 patriarche
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the remission of sins 1 — 462 —
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— 464 — ARTICLE XXIII THE BUDDH
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— 465 — J§. It is very high, a
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— 467 — ARTICLE XXIV. THE LAZY
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Sl^TSS Fig. d02 Le bonze Lan-tsan e
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— 470 — ARTICLE XXV. THE BUDDHI
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— 472 — At another time, the co
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— 473 — how far he was still fr
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— 475 — and became a Buddhist m
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Kiumarajiva, Fig. 104 en chinois Ki
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— 478 — of the men were drowned
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— 480 — Lotus of the good Law (
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— 482 — ARTICLE XXVII. ran: mon
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— 483 — When travelling' in the
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— i85 — with bis basket proceed
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— 487 — found ten stone images,
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— 489 — wrong, and should read
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Fie. 106 Le dieu du mont Song chan
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— 492 — "Do you promise to abst
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— 4D4 — his cell. On account of
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— 495 — JW ii, of the T'ang J|f
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— 497 "^r^L
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