CHINESE SUPERSTITIONS - University of Oregon

— 350 —
He presides over 1 ,500 followers, and dwells on the Gridkrakuta
Hill, in Magadha (1).
16. Cuda-Panthaka, Chu-ch'a Pan-l'oh-k'ia ££ ^ $> % $g.
This Arhat received the above name in order to distinguish
him from his elder brother, Maha-Panthaka, already described
under n° 10. The word Cuda means little or small. He was at
first a dull disciple, but in later years acquired a thorough grasp of
the Law, and even displayed magical powers (2).
Cuda-Panthaka has a retinue of 1,600 disciples,
and dwells on
the Nemindhara Mountain (3). The Tibetan List places him on the
Gridkrakuta Hill.
3°. The Group of 18 Arhats.
Besides the "Four Great Disciples", or Hhihshus, and the group
of 16 Arhats, that of 18 is also traditional, and is generally accepted
in China, and often in Tibet, at the present day (4).
1. Origin and evolution. —The group of 18 Lohans, Shih-pah
Lo-han -\- A M "M> is of ^ ater or igi n than that of 16. So far as
can be gleaned from historical records,
it did not exist before the
time of the Buddhist poet and painter Kwan-hsiu ^ f^, A.D.
832-912 (5). This artist was born in Lanh'i-hsien f| ffr jg&,
province of Chehiang $f ££> an & after travelling successively to
(1) Journal Asiatique. Juil.-Aout, 1916. p. 11; Sept. -Oct. p. 293.— Wat-
ters. The 18 Lohan of Chinese Buddhist Temples, p. 24.
(2)
Watters mentions the extraordinary feat of his producing 500 magic
oxen, one of which he mounted, and rode through the air. Watters. The 18
Lohan of Chinese Buddhist Temples, p. 26.
(3) Journal Asiatique. Juil.-Aout, 1916. p. 11; Sept. -Oct. p. 293. Wat-
ters assigns him the Ishctdharct Mountain, in the Great Sumeru. Watters.
The 18 Lohfin of Chinese Buddhist Temples, p. 24.
(4) "Watters. The 18 Lohan of Chinese Buddhist Temples, p. 6. — Getty.
The Gods of Northern Buddhism, p. 156. — Chinese Superstitions. Vol. VII.
p. 338. — Hackmann. Buddhism as a Beligion. p. 164.
(5) Journal Asiatique. Sept. -Oct. 1916. p. 283, and 287.