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42 | Patent it YOURSELF you can and should disclose it to selected persons, provided you take adequate measures to document whom you’ve disclosed it to and when. Don’t be as paranoid as my friend Tom who invented a very valuable stereo movie invention but kept it totally to himself out of fear of theft, only to see it patented and commercialized by someone else. Greed/Overestimation: Most people have heard fabulous stories of successful inventors who’ve collected millions in royalties. For example Los Angeles orthopedic surgeon and independent inventor Dr. Gary Michelson was awarded $1.35 billion in a settlement with Medtronic Inc. over some spinal fusion inventions. As a result, some novice inventors think that their invention is worth millions and demand an unreasonably large royalty or lump-sum payment for their creation. This is seldom wise. It is much better to set your sights at a reasonable level (see Chapter 16) so you won’t miss out on commercial opportunities. Laziness: Some novice inventors believe that all they need to do is show their invention to a company, sign a lucrative contract, and let the money roll in. Unfortunately it hardly ever happens so easily. To be successful, you usually have to record your invention properly (Chapter 3), build and test a working model (desirable but not always necessary), file a patent application, seek out suitable companies to produce and market the invention, and work like hell to sell the invention to one of these companies. H. Don’t Bury Your Invention If you believe that you have what will turn out to be a successful idea, but you have doubts because it’s very different, or you get negative opinions from your friends, consider that Alexander Graham Bell was asked by an irate banker to remove “that toy” from his office. The “toy” was the telephone. Or if that doesn’t convince you, ponder these words of Mark Twain, Albert Einstein, and John Shedd: “The man with a new idea is a crank—until the idea succeeds.” —Mark Twain “For an idea that does not at first seem insane, there is no hope.” —Albert Einstein “Opportunities are seldom labeled as such.” —John Shedd And as a recent successful inventor, Nolan Bushnell, (Pong) said, “Everyone who’s ever taken a shower has an idea. It’s the person who does something about it who makes a difference.” Don’t forget that, in addition to making money if you’re successful, an invention can create jobs, make our lives easier and more interesting, and eliminate drudgery. Consider the Linotype® machine, where each machine eliminated 90 manual typesetters and their arduous task and spawned a new industry and profession. Then came the computer, where each modern computer replaced nine Linotype machines, spawned another new industry and gave almost anyone the ability to create typeset documents. If you still doubt the value of inventors and inventions, consider this: without inventors and their inventions, we would still be living the way we lived 50,000 years ago! I hope you’ve received my message in this chapter loud and clear. If you have a worthwhile invention, and you scrupulously follow all the advice and instructions given in this and the succeeding chapters, and persevere, I believe you’ll have a very good chance of success. “Each invention leads to new inventions and each discovery to new discoveries; invention breeds invention, science begets science, the children of knowledge produce their kind in larger and larger families; the process goes on from decade to decade, from generation to generation.” I. Summary —Alfred Korzybski The day of the lone inventor is not over; many successful inventions and industries have been started by independent inventors. Most inventions are created after recognizing a problem and finding a solution. However, inventions are also made by “magic” (accident and flash of genius), the process of which is not easily analyzed. If you make an invention, try to conceive of ramifications to enhance its value. If you have trouble solving invention problems, persevere, frame the problem differently, use nonlinear techniques, let go of assumptions, try meditation, employ your dreams, the computer, use brainstorming, inventors’ organizations, and other techniques. Beware of the novice inventors’ PGL Syndrome (paranoia, greed, laziness). Above all, persevere! l
C H A P T E R 3 Documentation and the PPA A. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 45 B. Documentation Is Vital to the Invention Process ................................................................. 45 1. Good Engineering Practice ............................................................................................................. 45 2. Psychological Stimulus ...................................................................................................................... 45 3. Analyzation Stimulus ......................................................................................................................... 45 C. Documentation Is Vital to Prove Inventorship ....................................................................... 46 1. In Case of an Interference ................................................................................................................ 46 2. Proof in Case of Theft ........................................................................................................................ 46 3. Proof in Case of Confusion of Inventorship ........................................................................... 46 4. Antedate References .......................................................................................................................... 46 5. Supporting Tax Deductions ............................................................................................................47 6. Avoidance of Ownership Disputes ..............................................................................................47 D. Trade Secret Considerations ...............................................................................................................47 E. Record Conception and the Building and Testing of Your Invention ........................ 48 1. Keep Good Records of Building and Testing Activity ...................................................... 48 2. Keep Your Building and Testing Activity Confidential .................................................... 49 F. How to Record Your Invention ......................................................................................................... 49 1. The Lab Notebook ............................................................................................................................... 49 2. How to Enter Technical Information in the Notebook ................................................... 50 3. What Should Be Entered in the Notebook ............................................................................ 50 4. How to Handle Computer Printouts, Large or Formal Sketches, Photos, Charts, or Graphs Drawn on Special Paper .......................................................... 53 5. Witnessing the Notebook ............................................................................................................... 53 6. What to Do With the Notebook ................................................................................................. 54 G. Another Way to Record Conception or Building and Testing— The Invention Disclosure ...................................................................................................................... 54 H. The Provisional Patent Application—A Substitute for Building and Testing, With Some Disadvantages ...................................................................................... 56
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N O LO ® “The best roll-up-your-
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Products & Services Books & Softwar
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15th edition Patent It Yourself You
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Acknowledgments My deep thanks go t
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Nondisclosure Agreement 1. Parties.
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Invention Disclosure Sheet of Inven
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Positive and Negative Factors Evalu
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Searcher’s Worksheet Sheet of Inv
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In the United States Patent and Tra
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Universal License Agreement 1. Part
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whether or not any royalty payment
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Bestsellers The Small Business Star
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Keep Up to Date 1 Go to Nolo.com/ne
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About the Author David Pressman is
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