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a Chapter 39 Doppler Ultrasonography for Benign Gynecologic Disorders, Ectopic Pregnancy, and Infertility 593<br />

Fig. 39.35. Hyperstimulated right ovary.<br />

Color Doppler velocimetry shows the<br />

intraovarian blood flow<br />

Fig. 39.36. Corpus luteum blood flow<br />

visualized by color Doppler velocimetry<br />

is usually semilunar in appearance<br />

ectopic pregnancy. It also reduces the morbidity associated<br />

with surgery and anesthesia and is more costeffective<br />

than surgical management. Unlike laparoscopy,<br />

it is a procedure that is non-invasive, can be<br />

repeated, and is easily available. Further studies may<br />

help identify more accurate sonographic parameters<br />

for better patient selection and post-treatment followup.<br />

Transvaginal ultrasonography has brought the pelvic<br />

organs into closer view than ever before. Color<br />

Doppler sonography has exposed small vessels that<br />

could not be seen with the B-mode technique alone,<br />

and pulsed-wave Doppler imaging is becoming an<br />

important adjunct in the assessment of many physiologic<br />

and pathologic states. Vascular changes of the<br />

ovary and uterus during the menstrual cycle are now<br />

being followed during infertility protocols. They are<br />

also bein investigated to determine the viability of an<br />

early pregnancy and may increase our confidence in<br />

the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy in selected<br />

cases. Color Doppler ultrasonography has been used<br />

to gain insight into the physiologic processes and<br />

pathologic conditions involving the female reproductive<br />

tract. The ability to assess uteroovarian blood<br />

flow with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography<br />

has several applications for the assessment of women

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