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a Chapter 15 Pulsed Doppler Ultrasonography of the Human Fetal Renal Artery 223
renal artery at the renal hilus and just below the tricuspid
and mitral valves. Fetuses with idiopathic
polyhydramnios had reduced total cardiac output,
decreased right ventricular output, decreased renal
blood flow, decreased renal diameter and decreased
percent renal perfusion compared to euhydramnic
control fetuses [71]. They suggested that in fetuses
with polyhydramnios, renal perfusion was not the
primary cause for the polyhydramnios.
In summary, with the improvements in ultrasound
techniques, color PW Doppler ultrasonography can
be applied to qualify and quantify fetal regional
blood flow in normal and abnormal human fetuses.
These noninvasive methods may reveal how fetal renal
blood flow is affected in fetuses with growth abnormalities,
certain renal diseases, or oligohydramnios
or during maternal intake of certain medications.
A complete understanding of the distribution
of renal blood flow in fetuses at risk for asymmetric
IUGR may lead to an earlier diagnosis of such pathologic
conditions, which may permit early intervention.
Such intervention may then decrease the morbidity
and mortality associated with IUGR fetuses.
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