o_1977r8vv9vk1ts2ms0kd8pksa.pdf
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
328 E.P. Gaziano, U. F. Harkness<br />
17. Manlan G, Scott KE (1978) Contribution of twin pregnancy<br />
to perinatal mortality and fetal growth retardation<br />
after birth. Can Med Assoc J 118:365±367<br />
18. Babson SG, Phillips DS (1973) Growth and development<br />
of twins dissimilar at birth. N Engl J Med 289:<br />
937±940<br />
19. Babson S, Kangas J, Young N et al. (1964) Growth and<br />
development of twins dissimilar at birth. Pediatrics 33:<br />
327±333<br />
20. Socol M, Tamura R, Sabbagha R et al. (1984) Diminished<br />
biparietal diameter and abdominal circumference<br />
growth in twins. Obstet Gynecol 64:235±238<br />
21. Blickstein I, Lancet M (1988) The growth discordant<br />
twin. Obstet Gynecol Surv 43:509±515<br />
22. Blickstein I (1991) The definition, diagnosis, and management<br />
of growth-discordant twins: an international<br />
census survey. Acta Genet Med Gemellol 40:345±351<br />
23. Erkkola R, Ala-Mello S, Piiroinen O et al. (1985)<br />
Growth discordancy in twin pregnancies: a risk factor<br />
not detected by measurements of biparietal diameter.<br />
Obstet Gynecol 66:203±206<br />
24. Giles WB, Trudinger BJ, Cook CM (1985) Fetal umbilical<br />
artery flow velocity-time waveforms in twin pregnancies.<br />
Br J Obstet Gynaecol 92:490±497<br />
25. Farmakides G, Schulman H, Saldana LR et al. (1985)<br />
Surveillance of twin pregnancy with umbilical arterial<br />
velocimetry. Am J Obstet Gynecol 153:789±792<br />
26. Gerson AG, Wallace DM, Bridgens NK et al. (1987) Duplex<br />
Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of growth in<br />
twin pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 70:419±423<br />
27. Nimrod C, Davies D, Harder J et al. (1987) Doppler ultrasound<br />
prediction of fetal outcome in twin pregnancies.<br />
Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:402±406<br />
28. Saldana LR, Eads MC, Schaefer TR (1987) Umbilical<br />
blood waveform in fetal surveillance of twins. Am J<br />
Obstet Gynecol 157:712±715<br />
29. Divon MY, Girz BA, Sklar A et al. (1989) Discordant<br />
twins: a prospective study of the diagnostic value of<br />
real-time ultrasonography combined with umbilical artery<br />
velocimetry. Am J Obstet Gynecol 161:757±760<br />
30. Hastie SJ, Danskin F, Neilson JP et al. (1989) Prediction<br />
of the small for gestational age twin fetus by Doppler<br />
umbilical artery waveform analysis. Obstet Gynecol<br />
74:730±733<br />
31. Yamada A, Kasugai M, Ohno Y et al. (1991) Antenatal<br />
diagnosis of twin±twin transfusion syndrome by Doppler<br />
ultrasound. Obstet Gynecol 78:1058±1061<br />
32. Degani S, Gonen R, Shapiro I et al. (1992) Doppler flow<br />
velocity waveforms in fetal surveillance of twins: a prospective<br />
longitudinal study. J Ultrasound Med 11:537±<br />
541<br />
33. Gaziano EP, Calvin S, Bendel RP et al. (1992) Pulsed<br />
Doppler umbilical artery waveforms in multiple gestation:<br />
comparison with ultrasound estimated fetal<br />
weight for the diagnosis of the small-for-gestationalage<br />
(SGA) infant. J Matern Fetal Invest 1:277±280<br />
34. Kurmanavicius J, Hesbisch G, Huch R et al. (1992) Umbilical<br />
artery blood flow velocity waveform in twin<br />
pregnancies. J Perinat Med 20:307±312<br />
35. Ferrazzi E, Pardi G (1993) Doppler assessment of multiple<br />
pregnancy. In: Chervenak FA, Isaacson GC, Campbell<br />
S (eds) Ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology.<br />
Little Brown, Boston, pp 625±634<br />
36. O'Brien WF, Knuppel RA, Scerbo JC et al. (1986) Birth<br />
weight in twins: an analysis of discordancy and growth<br />
retardation. Obstet Gynecol 67:483±486<br />
37. Bronsteen R, Goyert G, Bottoms SF (1989) Classification<br />
of twins and neonatal morbidity. Obstet Gynecol<br />
74:98±101<br />
38. Cheung VYT, Bocking AD, Dasilva OP (1995) Preterm<br />
discordant twins: What birth weight difference is significant?<br />
Am J Obstet Gynecol 172:955±959<br />
39. Gernt PR, Mauldin JG, Newman RB et al. (2001) Sonographic<br />
prediction of twin birth weight discordance.<br />
Obstet Gynecol 97:53±56<br />
40. Deter RL, Stefos T, Harrist RB et al. (1992) Detection<br />
of intrauterine growth retardation in twins using individualized<br />
growth assessment. I. Evaluation of growth<br />
outcome at birth. J Clin Ultrasound 20:573±577<br />
41. Deter RL, Stefos T, Harrist RB et al. (1992) Detection<br />
of intrauterine growth retardation in twins using individualized<br />
growth assessment. II. Evaluation of thirdtrimester<br />
growth and prediction of growth outcome at<br />
birth. J Clin Ultrasound 20:579±585<br />
42. Giles W, Trudinger B, Cook CM et al. (1993) Placental<br />
microvascular changes in twin pregnancies with abnormal<br />
umbilical artery waveforms. Obstet Gynecol 81:<br />
556±559<br />
43. Jensen OH (1993) Doppler velocimetry and umbilical<br />
cord blood gas assessment of twins. Eur J Obstet Gynecol<br />
Reprod Biol 49:155±159<br />
44. Rodis JF, Vintzileos AM, Campbell WA et al. (1990) Intrauterine<br />
fetal growth in discordant twin gestations. J<br />
Ultrasound Med 8:443±448<br />
45. Rodis JF, Vintzileos AM, Campbell WA et al. (1990) Intrauterine<br />
fetal growth in concordant twin gestations.<br />
Am J Obstet Gynecol 162:1025±1029<br />
46. Storlazzi E (1987) Ultrasound diagnosis of discordant fetal<br />
growth in twin gestations. Obstet Gynecol 69:363±367<br />
47. Chang TC, Robson SC, Spencer JAD et al. (1993) Identification<br />
of fetal growth retardation: comparison of<br />
Doppler waveform indices and serial ultrasound<br />
measurements of abdominal circumference and fetal<br />
weight. Obstet Gynecol 82:230±236<br />
48. Degani S, Paltiely J, Lewinsky R et al. (1990) Fetal blood<br />
flow velocity waveforms in pregnancies complicated by<br />
intrauterine growth retardation. Isr J Med Sci 26:250±254<br />
49. Degani S, Paltiely J, Lewinsky R et al. (1988) Fetal internal<br />
carotid artery flow velocity time waveforms in<br />
twin pregnancies. J Perinat Med 16:405±409<br />
50. Arduini D, Rizzo G (1993) Doppler studies of deteriorating<br />
growth-retarded fetuses. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol<br />
5:195±203<br />
51. Berkowitz GS, Mehalek KE, Chitkara U et al. (1988)<br />
Doppler velocimetry in the prediction of adverse outcome<br />
in pregnancies at risk for intrauterine growth<br />
retardation. Obstet Gynecol 71:742±746<br />
52. Hackett GA, Campbell S, Gamsu H et al. (1987) Doppler<br />
studies in the growth retarded fetus and prediction<br />
of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis, hemorrhage, and<br />
neonatal morbidity. Br Med J 294:13±17<br />
53. Mahoney G, Filly R, Callen P (1985) Amnionicity and<br />
chorionicity in twin pregnancies: prediction using ultrasound.<br />
Radiology 155:205±209<br />
54. Blickstein I (1990) The twin±twin transfusion syndrome.<br />
Obstet Gynecol 76:714±722