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e. siWinava, `gonivruli vadis~ moTxovna zogadi politikis ganxilva, aramed ganmcxadeblis mimarT ganxorcielebuli konkretuli darRvevis faqti. im SemTxvevaSic, Tu reforma zogadad warmatebuli iyo, magram man ver gamoaswora ganmcxadeblis mdgomareoba, masze miTiTeba iqneba usafuZvlo. arsebobs precedentebi, sadac sasamarTlom ar daadgina me-6 muxlis darRveva, radgan saxelmwifo organoebis mier gamowveuli gaWianurebebi ar miiCnia xangrZlivad. magaliTad, saqmeSi – noimaisteri avstriis winaaRmdeg – sasamarTlom daadgina, rom 15 Tvis ganmavlobaSi ar momxdara noimaisteris dakiTxva an dapirispireba mowmeebs Soris, ar Catarebula sxva sagamoZiebo moqmedebebi. saqmis ganxilva daiwyo gamoZiebis damTavrebidan erTi wlis Semdeg. miuxedavad amisa, evropul sasamarTlos es faqtebi ar miuCnevia sakmarisad daskvnisaTvis, rom vada iyo gada- Warbebuli. mTavrobam aRniSna, rom mosamarTleebs sWirdebodaT garkveuli dro, raTa gascnobodnen saqmis masalebs, romelnic 21 toms Seadgenda da TiToeuli tomi 500 gverds moicavda. rodesac strasburgis sasamarTlom ganixila es saqme, 7 weli iyo gasuli noimaisterisTvis wayenebuli braldebidan da jer kidev ar iyo gamotanili saboloo ganaCeni erovnuli sasamarTloebis mier. 69 vfiqrob, am SemTxvevaSi gasaziarebelia mosamarTle zekias gansxvavebuli azri: `miuxedavad am sirTulisa da mTavrobis axsna-ganmartebisa, drois aseT Sualeds araferi amarTlebs~. mimaCnia, rom gancda, romelic aqvs ganaCenis molodinSi myof adamians, Seufasebelia da Tundac mcire droiT misi dayovneba aseT gaurkvevel mdgomareoba- Si, aris darRveva da, Sesabamisad, unda gamoiwvios saxelmwifo organoTa pasuxismgeblobis sakiTxis dayeneba. rogorc sasamarTlos praqtikis momoxilvidan Cans, samarTalwarmoebis xangrZlivobis problema aqtualuria ara erT qveyanaSi. misi gamomwvevi mizezebi xSirad sxvadasxvaa: `saxelmwifoebi pasuxs ageben samoqalaqo da administraciul organoTa Semdegi moqmedebebisaTvis – dadgenili saregistracio procedurebisa da sasamarTlo mosmenebis gadadeba-gaWianurebebisaTvis, romlebic gamowveulia administraciul organoTa TanamSromlobis naklebobiT~. 70 `gaWianurebis SemTxvevebi samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebisas moicavs: samarTalwarmoebis gadadebas sxva saqmeze ganaCenis dadgenamde, sasamarTlo ganxilvis an saxelmwifos mier mtkicebulebebis warmodgenis gadadebas, sasamarTlos registraturis an administraciuli organoebis braliT gamowveul gaWianurebas~. 71 `sisxlis samarTalwarmoebasTan dakavSirebul saqmeebSi isini moicaven: sasamarTloebs Soris saqmeebis moZraobas, ori an meti gansasjelis saqmis mosmenas erTdroulad, ganaCenis miwodebas msjavrdebulisaTvis~. 72 konvenciis ratificirebis Sedegad aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad aucilebelia, yvela saxelmwifom uzrunvelyos sasamarTloTa mowyoba me-6 muxli 1-li punqtis Sesabamisad. `konvencia xelSemkvrel mxareebs avaldebulebs, organizeba gauwion samarTlebriv sistemebs ise, rom sasamarTloebs saSualeba hqondeT, daakmayofilon me-6 muxlis 1-li punqtis moTxovnebi. saxelmwifo pasuxismgebelia ara marto konkretul darRvevebze, imis gamo rom ver axdens marTlmsajulebis swrafad ganxorcielebas, aramed im SemTxvevebzec, roca ver zrdis resursebs. miuxedavad imisa, rom sasamarTloebi gadatvirTulia da ar aris Seqmnili saTanado struqtura, rac iwvevs gaWianurebebs~. 73 daskvna Cveni qveynis kanonmdebloba da praqtika rom Seesabamebodes `gonivruli vadis~ moTxovnas, aucilebelia, saxelmwifo organoebma miiRon mTeli rigi zomebisa. saxeldobr, unda Seivsos Semdegi sakanonmdeblo xarvezebi: sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis II Tavi – `sisxlis samarTlis procesis principebi~ – ar Seicavs debulebas marTlmsajulebis `gonivrul vadaSi~ ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb; amave kanonSi aseve ar aris muxli, romli- Tac ganisazRvreboda saqmis ganxilvis vada I instanciis sasamarTlos mier; aseve sasurvelia, saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli iyos saqmeTa garkveu- 111
saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #1, 2008 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N1, 2008 li kategoria, romelTa ganxilvas prioriteti unda mianiWon sasamarTloebma. `gonivruli vadis~ moTxovnis dar- Rvevebi saqarTveloSi ZiriTadad ganpirobebulia sasamarTloTa gadatvirTulobiT. imisaTvis, raTa Semcirdes adamianis uflebaTa darRvevis aseTi aSkara faqtebi, kanonmdeblobis gadasinjvis paralelurad aucilebelia sasamarTlo struqturis gafarToeba, mosamarTleTa raodenobis (ra Tqma unda es ar unda moxdes profesionalizmis xarjze), agreTve sasamarTlos TanamSromelTa gazrda. saWiroa, sasamarTlos Seeqmnas obieqturi pirobebi evropuli konvenciis moTxovnebis dasacavad, magram aseve aucilebelia Tavad mosamarTleTa mzaoba – saqmis ganxilvis dros mudmivad iyvnen orientirebulni `gonivruli vadis~ moTxovnis dacvaze. aRniSnul problemasTan brZola aucilebelia: raTa ar dairRves Cveni moqalaqeebis ufleba – swrafad ganixilon maTi saqme da didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ar darCnen gaurkvevlobaSi; raTa ar dagrovdes bevri ganuxilveli saqme da ar gadaitvirTos sasamarTloebi da, rac mTavaria, safrTxe ar Seeqmnas marTlmsajulebis efeqturobasa da sandoobas; da bolos, `gonivruli vadis~ moTxovna unda iqnes daculi, raTa saqarTvelos mier ar dairRves saerTaSoriso samarTlis fundamenturi principi – Pacta sund servanda. 1 www.supremecourt.ge 2 b. boxaSvili, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos precedentuli samarTali, Tb., 2004, gv. 241. 3 DJ Harris, M O’ Boyle, C Warbrick, “Law of the European Convention on Human Rights”, 1995, p.223. 4 ix. stefan cvaigis ,,SiSiT~, dostoevskis ,,danaSauli da sasjeli~. 5 DJ Harris, M O’ Boyle, C Warbrick “Law of the European Convention on Human Rights”, 1995, p. 223. 6 DJ Harris, M O’ Boyle, C Warbrick “Law of the European Convention on Human Rights”, 1995, p. 223. 7 kanoni saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebis Sesaxeb, 1997 wlis 16 oqtomberi, me-6 muxlis 1-li nawili. 8 saqarTvelos konstitucia, me-6 muxlis meore nawili. 9 xelSekrulebaTa samarTlis Sesaxeb venis konvencia, 1969 wlis 22 maisi, 28-e muxli. 10 ix. saqme silva pontesi portugaliis winaaRmdeg (Silva Pontes v. Portugal), 1994 wlis 23 marti, 14940/89, 38-e punqti (ix. saqme bageta italiis winaaRmdeg (Baggetta v. Italy ), 1987 wlis 25 ivnisi, 13/1986/111/159, me-20 punqti). 11 DJ Harris, M O’ Boyle, C Warbrick “Law of the European Convention on Human Rights” 1995, p.223. 12 The published case-law on the European Convention on Human Rights, 2003, p. 210. 13 foti da sxvebi italiis winaaRmdeg (Foti and others v. Italy), 1982 wlis 10 dekemberi, .7604/76; 7719/76; 7781/77; 7913/77; 52-e punqti. 14 P. Leach ,,Taking a case to the European Court of Human Rights~, 2005, p. 260. 15 vemhofi germaniis winaaRmdeg ( Wemhoff v. FRG), 1968 wlis 27 ivnisi (ix. noimaisteri avstriis winaaRmdeg (Neumeister v. Austria), 1968 wlis 27 ivnisi, #1936/63 )). 16 ix.guinCo portugaliis winaaRmdeg (Guincho v. Portugal), 1984 wlis 10 ivlisi, 8990/80, 29-e punqti. 17 ix. vernilo safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Vernillo v. France), 1991 wlis 20 Tebervali, 11889/85, 29-e punqti. 18 ix. boimartini safrangeTis winaaRmdeg (Beau-mar-tin v. France), 1994 wlis 24 noemberi, 15287/89, 30-e punqti. 19 see The published case-law on the European Convention on Human Rights, 2003, p. 211. 112
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