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saerTaSoriso samarTlis Jurnali, #1, 2008 JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW, N1, 2008<br />
saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis sabaziso<br />
elementad iyo miCneuli. am wesidan gamomdinare,<br />
`istoriulad, saxelmwifo meTaurebi<br />
ar eqvemdebarebodnen sisxlissamarTlebriv<br />
pasuxismgeblobas maT mier Cadenili<br />
qmedebebisaTvis, suverenisa da saxelmwifo<br />
suverenitetis Serwymis gamo~.<br />
22 amdenad, `suverenuli imunitetis<br />
wesis arsebobis Teoriuli dasabami im<br />
droidan modis, rodesac saxelmwifoTa<br />
umetesoba individualuri suverenebis –<br />
monarqebis – mier imarTeboda, romlebic,<br />
am sityvis pirdapiri mniSvnelobiT, axdendnen<br />
saxelmwifos personificirebas~. 23<br />
`saxelmwifosa da misi meTauris urTierTkavSiri<br />
amdenad Zalze axlos iyo lui<br />
XIV-is sityvebTan: “L’Etat, c’est moi”. 24<br />
saerTaSoriso samarTlisa da saxelmwifos<br />
cnebis ganviTarebasTan erTad am<br />
mimarTebiT midgomebic Seicvala. Tanamedrove<br />
saerTaSoriso urTierTobebSi<br />
saxelmwifoTa suverenuli Tanasworobis<br />
dacvis mTavari mizezi SeiZleba iyos `Tanaswor<br />
suverenTa~ saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis<br />
mxardaWera saerTaSoriso<br />
wesrigis SesanarCuneblad. saerTaSoriso<br />
samarTlis ZiriTadi subieqtebi suverenuli<br />
saxelmwifoebi arian da magaliTisTvis<br />
mxolod erTi – universaluri<br />
saerTaSoriso organizacia – gaerTianebuli<br />
erebis organizacia rom davasaxeloT,<br />
igi efuZneba `yvela wevri saxelmwifos<br />
suverenuli Tanasworobis princips~,<br />
25 Tumca es `suverenuli Tanasworoba~<br />
ar SeiZleba aRqmuli iyos rogorc<br />
upirobo, ramdenadac zemoT aRniSnuli<br />
principis aRiarebis paralelurad gaeros<br />
sakuTari wevrebis uflebaTa garkveuli<br />
SezRudva Semoaqvs Semdegi debulebis me-<br />
SveobiT: `wevrobidan gamomdinare uflebebisa<br />
da upiratesobebis uzrunvelsayofad<br />
TiToeulma wevrma keTilsindisierad<br />
unda Seasrulos is valdebulebebi,<br />
romlebic maT am wesdebiT aqvT nakisri~. 26<br />
erT-erTi `nakisri valdebuleba~ adamianis<br />
uflebaTa dacvaa, radgan, imave wesdebis<br />
Sesabamisad, gaerTianebuli erebis<br />
organizaciis miznebs Sorisaa `yvelas-<br />
Tvis adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa<br />
dacvis xelSewyoba da waxaliseba,~<br />
27 da `yvela adamianis uflebebisa<br />
da ZiriTadi Tavisuflebebis dacva da<br />
sayovelTao pativiscema~. 28 Sesabamisad,<br />
SesaZlebelia, davaskvnaT, rom im SemTxvevaSi,<br />
Tu gaeros wevri saxelmwifoebi ar<br />
Seasruleben maTze wesdebiT dakisrebul<br />
valdebulebebs, ar eqnebaT SesaZlebloba,<br />
saxelmwifoTa suverenuli Tanasworobis<br />
principze apelirebiT saxelmwifoebisTvis<br />
zogadad miniWebuli imunitetebisa<br />
da suverenuli Tanasworobis<br />
dacva moiTxovon.<br />
gamomdinare zemoTqmulidan, saxelmwifo<br />
imunitetisa da saxelmwifo suverenitetis<br />
koncefciebi Semdeg logikaze<br />
dafuZnebulad SeiZleba CaiTvalos: es<br />
cnebebi ar gulisxmoben saerTaSoriso<br />
danaSaulis CamdenTaTvis dausjelobis<br />
garantias. isini saxelmwifoTa Tanasworobis<br />
dasacavad arian Seqmnilni im pirobiT,<br />
rom es ukanasknelni maTze dakisrebul<br />
valdebulebebs asruleben. ser votsis<br />
Tanaxmad, `gansakuTrebiT ukanaskneli<br />
naxevari saukunis ganmavlobaSi saxelmwifo<br />
imunitetis maregulirebel samarTalSi<br />
mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi<br />
ganxorcielda.praqtikulma saWiroebebma<br />
gamoiwvia dRevandel saerTaSoriso<br />
TanamegobrobaSi saxelmwifos rolis gadasinjva.<br />
maTi imunitetiT absoluturi<br />
daculobis moZvelebuli cnebebi gzas<br />
uTmoben ufro mokrZalebul Sexedulebebs."<br />
29 foqsis Tanaxmad, `vestfaliseuli<br />
saxelmwifos Ziris Seryevis erT-erTi<br />
faqtori pirovnebisTvis da TiToeuli<br />
adamianis fundamenturi interesebisTvis<br />
gazrdili mniSvnelobis miniWebaa.<br />
maSin, rodesac am interesebis dacva, saxelmwifos<br />
garda, sxva arc erTi procesiT<br />
an institutis meSveobiT SeiZleba arc<br />
ganxorcieldes, Camoyalibda midgoma,<br />
romlis Tanaxmad, aseTi interesis<br />
daqvemdebareba aucileblad ar SeiZleba<br />
ganxorcieldes saxelmwifo interesisadmi...~.<br />
30 daskvna, romelic gamomdinareobs<br />
Semdegia: saerTaSoriso samarTlisa da<br />
adamianis uflebaTa samarTlis ganviTareba<br />
ar iZleva imis saSualebas, rom saxelmwifo<br />
suverenitets amofarebiT moxdes<br />
adamianis uflebaTa sastiki darRvevebis<br />
CamdenTa dausjelad datoveba.<br />
aRsaniSnavia, rom saxelmwifo suverenitetis<br />
xelSeuxeblobis idea iseTi Seuvali<br />
aRar aris maSin, rodesac sapirwoned adamianTa<br />
uflebebis masobrivi darRvevebia. adamianis<br />
uflebaTa samarTlis ganviTareba,<br />
humanitaruli intervenciis ideis Semotana,<br />
saerTaSoriso tribunalebis winaSe imu-<br />
50
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